河南省麻疹监测及控制状况分析  

Analysis of Status of Measles Surveillance and Control in Henan Province

作　　者：郭万申[1] 冯子健[1] 刁琳琪[1] 张珍英[1] 李聪勇[1] 张延炀[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省卫生防疫站,郑州450003

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2001年第3期160-162,共3页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

摘　　要：为加速麻疹控制 ,卫生部以河南省为试点 ,同美国疾病控制与预防中心 (CDC)和世界卫生组织 (WHO)合作 ,在开封、南阳市开展麻疹监测工作。同时其它城市也按有关要求开展麻疹监测工作。一年来的实践表明 ,河南省的麻疹监测系统已经建立 ,并运转良好。 1999年麻疹专报系统报告疑似麻疹病例 185 2例 ,年发病率 2 0 0 / 10万。全省各地均有病例报告 ,并发生了 37起麻疹暴发 ,暴发病例数占病例总数的 2 8 73%。发病主要集中于 4～ 6月 ,占全年病例总数的 5 0 %。 14岁以下儿童发病占 84 88%。首次自麻疹病例中分离出麻疹病毒 ,共分离到 15株。部分市 (地区 )开展了麻疹疫苗初始强化免疫活动 ,有效地降低了麻疹发病率。但麻疹监测系统的监测质量尚待提高 :1999年专报系统报告的病例数低于法定传染病报告系统 ;一些监测指标 ,如报告及时率、病例调查率、标本采集率和实验室检测及时率等都有待提高。In order to accelerate measles control, the CDC·WHO Measles Surveillance Project was carried out in Henan Province in 1999. One year later, the measles surveillance system has been set up and ran normally. In 1999, the measles incidence in Henan Province was 2/100,000 and the surveillance systems in 18 cities (prefecture, the same below) had reported 1*!852 measles cases, of which 1313 cases accounting for 70.90% of the total measles cases were reported by 6 cities. 37 measles outbreaks had occurred in 12 cities, the number of the measles cases was 532 accounting for 28.73% the total measles cases of the year. The patients mostly clustered in April-June, that was about 50% of the total patients of the whole year. 84.88% of the cases in the year were children under 14 years old. 15 strains of measles virus were firstly isolated from the cases. In 6 cities, two rounds of supplementary immunization for measles had been carried out that reduced the local measles incidence effectively. But it should also be pointed out that the measles cases reported by the surveillance system was lower than that reported by notifiable reporting system and some indicators such as timeliness of reporting, visiting rate of measles cases, collecting rate of patients' specimens and laboratory assay at right time were all under the requirements, these should be improved a step further.

关 键 词：麻疹 监测 控制 初始强化免疫 

分 类 号：R511.1[医药卫生—内科学]