半干旱荒漠草原带沙地果园覆草效应  

Mulch Effect on Sandy Land Orchard in Semi-arid Desert Steppe

作　　者：尤万学 张维军 王耀鹏 冯起勇 王锦林 常发军 

机构地区：[1]宁夏盐池机械化林场,宁夏盐池751500

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2001年第2期213-216,共4页Journal of Desert Research

摘　　要：在半干旱荒漠草原带沙地，采用覆盖４５ｔ· ｈｍ－2的麦草，且保持覆草厚度 ２５ｃｍ，可以使在减少灌溉３次的情况下，增加果树产量６３００ ｋｇ· ｈｍ－２，降低果树生产成本３０００元· ｈｍ－２。覆草改变了土壤的解冻时间，将果树开花推后７ｄ左右，增加了果树开花躲过晚霜的可能性，增强了果树生产的稳定性。在地处半干旱荒漠草原地带农牧交错地区用麦草覆盖是因地制宜、就地取材管理果园的经济方法，建议大量推广。The experiment of surface mulch at sandy land orchard in semi-arid desert steppe showed that: ①mulching dry wheat straw with thickness of 25 cm(45t·hm-２) reduced the cost of fruit production about 3000 Yuan. hm-2, and increased yield of fruit about 6300 kg·hm-2 under the condition of three times irrigation minus during growing season compared with orchard without mulching；②mulching also altered the soil thawing time, which can postpone the tree flowering about 7 days. This alternative can decrease effectively the probability of tree flower being freezingly injured (May 1, usually), as a result the stability of orchard production can be improved. Therefore, surface mulch is recommended to be used extensively in the management of orchard in semi-arid sandy land.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 果园 覆草效应 半干旱沙地 土壤温度 养分 水分 

分 类 号：S66－33[农业科学—果树学]