风暴潮沿珠江河道上溯运动的数值模拟  

Numerical modeling of upstream movement of storm surge along the Zhujiang River

作　　者：于斌[1] 林少奕[1] 王永信[1] 史键辉[1] 夏综万[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海分局,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋学报》2001年第4期17-24,共8页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (4 96 76 2 84) ;国家海洋局青年科技基金资助项目 (96 2 11)

摘　　要：采用动力学数值模式对风暴潮沿珠江河道上溯的个例进行了模拟 ,并就有关机制进行讨论 .结果显示 ,风暴潮位是否沿珠江河道向北逐渐递增 ,和风暴强度有很大的关系 ,也和风暴登陆的路径有关 ;南海的热带气旋多数是西行的 ,这样就使本文研究的对象像是“过路”的风暴 ,伶仃洋的聚水面积不算大 ,加上蛛网般河网的分散作用 ,都使珠江一线的风暴增水很少超过 2 5m .但即使这样规模的增水 ,也对河口平坦地区造成很大威胁 .由于天文潮的耦合 ,以及浅水效应 ,风暴潮常有不同程度的变形 .本文的模拟中 ,模式、参数和计算对象等早已选好 ,计算时只作了少许调整 ,就能得到较好的结果 ,说明模式是合理和可靠的 .The storm surge samples are simulated by using numerical model of dynamics and the mechanism is discussed in this paper. The results show that, whether the set up of water level caused by storm increases gradually from south to north along the Zhujiang River is closely related to the strength of the tropical cyclone and to the path of the storm too. Because most of the tropical cyclones are west-going in the South China Sea, this makes they look like “ passing by' storms. The area of Lingdingyang for collecting water is not quite large. The river net in the Zhujiang River Delta has the dispersion effect to the water piled up by the storm. These reasons make the set up of water level caused by storm generally no more than 2.5m. Even with this scale of set up the storm surges endanger the safety in this estuary plain. Owing to the coupling of astronomical tide and the shallow water effect, storm surge deforms frequently in various degrees. In the numerical simulation in this paper, the model, parameters and calculation samples were chosen long before; only slight adjustments are required and good result can be obtained. This shows that the modeling is rational and reliable.

关 键 词：珠江口 风暴潮 上溯 数值模拟 水动力学模式 风暴模式 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]