水葫芦象甲对外来杂草水葫芦的控制效果  

Control Eichhornia crassipes, an Invasive Aquatic Weed in South China with Neochetina eichhorniae

作　　者：丁建清[1] 陈志群[1] 付卫东[1] 王韧[1] 张国良[1] 吕旭健 方勇军 夏万青 

机构地区：[1]中国农科院生物防治研究所,北京100081 [2]温州市农科所,浙江325006

出　　处：《中国生物防治》2001年第3期97-100,共4页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (39770 5 0 2 )

摘　　要：外来植物水葫芦是目前我国南方危害最为严重的水生杂草。本文研究了野外释放从国外引进的专食性天敌昆虫控制水葫芦的效果。 1 996年 8月在浙江温州面积为 1 3 72m2 、水葫芦覆盖率达 1 0 0 %的河道上释放 1 0 0 0头象甲 ,放虫 2年后 ,水葫芦植株长势明显受到抑制 ,但仍有 75 %的水面被覆盖 ,防效仅为 2 5 % ;3年后 ,发展迅速 ,效果十分显著 ,99%的水葫芦被清除。随着放虫区水葫芦数量和长势的减弱 ,象甲开始向四周扩散 ,首先扩散到紧邻放虫区面积为 3 0 0 0m2 的河道上 ,并在 1 999年 4月将 70 %的水葫芦清除 ;同年 1 2月发现 ,从放虫区沿河道向下游 2 0km 。In August, 1996, 1000 adults of water hyacinth weevil, Neochetina eichhorniae, were released in an area of 1372 m 2 on a river totally covered by water hyacinth in Wenzhou, Zhejiang province. Two years after releasing only 25% of water hyacinth plants were controlled, but rapidly reached to 99% one year later. As most of the plants died in the releasing area, the weevils then dispersed into surrounding areas. In April, 1999, 70% of the water hyacinth in 3000 m 2 were controlled near the releasing site. By December, 1999, the weevils had moved to the area 20 kilometers away from the releasing site.

关 键 词：水葫芦 水葫芦象甲 水生杂草 生物防治 专食性天敌 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护] S476.2