陕北黄土高原峁状丘陵区枣树引种试验研究  

Trials and Research on Jujube Introduction in Hilly Areas of Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi

作　　者：刘生禹[1] 赵志贤 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学黄土高原治理研究所,陕西米脂718100 [2]榆林林业学校,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2001年第3期18-22,共5页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家"八五"重点科技攻关项目 (96 - 0 0 4- 0 5 - 0 2 )

摘　　要：1 98 5～ 1 996年对从河北、山东、河南、陕西、山西等 5个产枣大省引进的 1 2个著名枣品种与本地主栽品种团枣的产量、品质、果实营养和生物学、生态学特性进行了系统研究 ,选出了树冠紧凑、耐干旱瘠薄、早产、丰产、稳产、成熟期适中、果实大型、果个均匀、肉厚核小、干制率45 .34%、抗裂果能力极强、适于陕北黄土高原峁状丘陵区大面积矮化密植栽培的干鲜兼用品种赞皇大枣和树体矮小紧凑、早丰性好、果型大、肉厚核小、糖酸比高、松脆多汁、适口性好、适于该区肥水条件较好的立地矮化密植栽培的优良鲜食品种梨枣等优良枣品种。提出陕北黄土高原峁状丘陵区发展枣树 ,可以赞皇大枣为主栽品种 ,梨枣、佳县油枣、金丝小枣和骏枣为辅助品种。Trials and research on the yield, quality , nutrition and the characteristics of biology and ecology of twelve varieties introduced from five major provinces of jujube production and Tuanzao, a local main variety, were conducted systematically from 1985 to 1996. Through more than ten years' research, the Zanhuang Dazao ,suitable for both dried and fresh fruit variety was selected with such characteristics as well knit tree crown,strong tolerance to drought and barren soil, early mature and high and stable yields, moderate mature period,big and even fruit size, thick fruit pulp, small stone, 45.54% dried rate and extremely strong capability to tolerate fruit dehiscence,and good for dwarf close cultivation on large scale in the hilly areas of Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi. Other fine jujube varieties were also selected for fresh fruit with such characteristics as small tree size,small stone,thick crisp juicy fruit pulp,very nicely palatble and with extremely high rate of carbon hydrate to acid,and good for dwarf close cultivation in the hilly areas of Loess Plateau in the province. Based on the result, the paper suggested that Zanhuang Dazao can be used as the main cultivation variety, and Lizao, Jiaxian Youzao, Junzao, Jinsi Xiaozao as supplementary varieties in this area.

关 键 词：陕西黄土高原 峁状丘陵区 枣 引种试验 物候期 果实品质 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]