机械合金化制备亚稳材料  

Preparation of Nonequilibrium Materials by Mechanical Alloying

作　　者：胡壮麒[1] 张海峰[1] 刘智光[1] 叶荔蕾[1] 范国江[1] 生红卫[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所快速凝固非平衡合金国家重点实验室,沈阳110015

出　　处：《机械工程材料》2001年第5期1-8,共8页Materials For Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学重大基金资助项目! (5 9995 440 )

摘　　要：最近十几年来 ,机械合金化技术被广泛应用于制备和合成亚稳材料。这是一种通过固态反应生成具有亚稳结构和组织的新材料。在球磨过程中 ,原始粉末经受反复的破裂和冷焊 ,积聚大量的内部缺陷和储能 ,促使组织细化。实验中观察到突然的温升 ,非晶化 ,局部的熔化和亚稳相的形成。机械合金化也对力学性能产生很大影响 ,比较机械合金化技术和快淬技术制备同一种亚稳材料 ,发现在熔点降低 ,硬度和热稳定性等方面有差异。During the recent years, mechanical alloysing/ball milling was widely employed to synthesize the new kinds of nonequilibrium materials, namely, by means of solid state reactions to form materials with metastable structures. In the process of ball milling, starting powders are subjected to the repeated fracture and cold welding that lead to the accumulation of internal defects and stored energy. Consequently, the microstructures of the milled powders are refined. Abrupt temperature rise, amorphization, local melting and formation of metastable phase have been observed. Mechanical alloying also has a remarkable influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties. Some differences have also been found in the formation products produced by mechanical alloying and rapid quenching, for example, on melting point depression, hardenability and thermal stability.

关 键 词：机械合金化 快淬法 亚稳材料 制备技术 

分 类 号：TF123.111[冶金工程—粉末冶金]