小麦D^2型胞质光敏雄性不育器官同源异型转变的研究  

Studies on Organic Homoetic Transformation of Photoperiod sensitive Male Sterility in Wheat with D^2 Type Cytoplasm

作　　者：王艳[1] 张爱民[1] 国凤利[2] 郭小丽[2] 聂秀玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物遗传育种系,北京100094 [2]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100094

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2001年第3期240-243,T001,T002,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39770459)

摘　　要：研究证明，在晚春播条件下，北京地区晚春播长日照条件可以诱导具有Ａｅ．ｃｒａｓｓａ细胞质（属Ｄ２型细胞质）的小麦品种农林２６表现雄性不育，用１６个小麦品种与农林２６杂交，Ｆ１晚春播，有６个组合表现近乎完全的雄性不育。应用光镜及扫描电镜系统地观察了这种小麦Ｄ２型光敏细胞质雄性不育系（ＰＣＭＳ）雄蕊发育的形态及细胞结构，表明这种光敏雄性不育系在长日下表现为雄蕊向雌蕊的同源异型转变，其内部结构变化不同于其它细胞质雄性不育类型；结果还证明产生雄性不育的光敏感期为小花分化期；同源异型转变发生在雄蕊原基发育时期。认为应结合分子生物学深入研究其机制，为两系杂种小麦用于生产打下基础。It is demonstrated that Japanese wheat Norin26 with Ae. crassa cytoplasm (belonging to D2 type cytoplasm) is male sterile induced under long day condition after later spring sowing in Beijing. 16 F1 crossed by Ae. crassa -Norin26 with 16 spring wheat lines were grown under long day condition after later spring sowing, 6 of them (about 35%) showed nearly completely male sterility. The morphological and cytological structures of the stamen development of this new type male sterile line, Photoperiod-sensitive Cytoplasmic Male Sterile (PCMS), were studied systematically by using scanning electron microscope and light microscope. The results indicated that the PCMS shows homoetic transformation from stamen to pistil under long day condition. Its internal structure is also different from that of other male sterile lines and normal pistil. We found the sensitive stage to photoperiod induction is around floret differentiation stage. Further research on molecular mechanism is proposed for finding the bases for using two-line system in hybrid wheat production.

关 键 词：小麦 D^2型细胞质 光敏雄性不育 同源异型转变 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]