小麦单细胞培养的研究——再生植株后代花粉母细胞染色体行为与花粉粒育性  

The studies on single cell culture in vitro in wheat -The chromosomal behavior of pollen mother cells and fertility of pollen from the progeny regenerated plants

作　　者：胡尚连[1] 李文雄[1] 曾寒冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2001年第2期105-110,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

摘　　要：在单细胞培养再生植株后代农艺性状和产量性状研究基础上 ,进一步对再生植株后代的花粉母细胞染色体行为和花粉粒育性进行研究。结果表明 ,花粉母细胞染色体行为发生异常 ,出现落后染色体、环形染色体、染色体桥、断片和粘连以及花粉母细胞仅发生核裂、三极纺锤体、多分体等 ,其中多以落后染色体花粉母细胞出现的频率为最高 ,早期世代为 8.0 3 %～ 51.11% ,随着繁殖世代的增加 ,这种异常的比率逐渐降低 ,到高世代 ( SCC6代 )仅为 0 .50 %～ 9.80 %。花粉粒育性分析结果表明 ,尽管早期世代花粉母细胞发生异常的比率较大 ,但各株系的可育花粉粒比例都在 60 %以上 ,并且均表现为正常结实 ,未发现不育现象。随着世代增加 ,育性也在不断改善 ,高世代绝大多数株系可育花粉粒的比例都在 98%以上。Based on studies of the agronomic and yield characteristics of the progeny regenerated plants from single cell culture in vitro in wheat,the chromosomal behavior of pollen mother cells and fertility of pollen from the progeny regenerated plants were studied and analyzed.The results showed that the chromosomal behavior of pollen mother cells was abnormal.The lagged and cycle chromosome,the chromosomal bridge and fragment and sticking,as well as the only nucleus division of pollen mother cell and four polar spindles were observed.Of them,the ratio of pollen mother cell with the lagged chromosome was the highest,form 8 03% to 51 11% in the earlier generations.The ratio in the advanced generation was decreased with development of the generations.The ratio in SCC 6 generation was only from 0 50% to 9 80% .The analysis on the fertility of pollen showed that the percentage of fertile pollen from the different regenerated plant lines was all over 60%,although the ratio of the abnormal pollen mother cell in the earlier generations was higher.The plant lines were fertile.With development of generations,the fertility of the plant line was improved gradually.The percentage of the fertile pollen from the most plant lines was over 98%.The fertilty of pollen from the regeneration plant was closely related to the chromosomal change of pollen cell.

关 键 词：小麦 单细胞培养 再生植株 花粉母细胞染色体行为 育性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]