老年人跌倒及其后果的调查分析  

Falls and Related Consequences among Elderly Chinese

作　　者：尤黎明[1] 张军[1] 刘可[1] 张美芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山医科大学护理学院,广州510089

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2001年第8期732-733,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的　了解中国老年人跌倒问题的基本信息 ,包括人口学资料、跌倒的发生率和后果。方法　共调查 415人 ,运用访谈、观察和查阅病历的方法收集资料。结果　老年人年跌倒发生率为 14% ,其中 6 3 %发生骨折 ,多数跌倒者有软组织损伤、暂时性日常活动水平下降和害怕再次跌倒等心理反应。结论　老年人跌倒的发生率和跌倒致伤率高。即使为非致命性损伤 ,亦可能引发致命性或严重功能障碍性并发症。跌倒往往导致老人生理、心理和社会功能状态的减退 ,是威胁老人生命和健康的重要的危险因素 ,故应积极探索其流行病学、有关的危险因素和有效的预防措施。跌倒的发生率是否存在种族或文化背景的差异还需要进一步的调查。Objective To obtain baseline information on falls among elderly Chinese,including demographic data,the incidence and consequences of falls.Methods This study was a comparative descriptive design.A sample survey with 415 participants was conducted.Interview,observation and review of medical records were incorporated in data collection.Results The annual incidence of falls among the elderly was 14 percent.Fractures occurred in 6 3 percent of falls.Most fallers experienced soft tissue injures,a temporary decrease in daily activity level,andfear of falling again.Conclusion The annual incidence of falls and injuries resulted from falls are high among the elderly.Even though it was a nonfatal injury,it might develop fatal complications or serious functional impairments.Falls in the elderly often result in functional decline in physiological,psychological and social status.Falling is one of the risk factors that threatening the life and health of the elderly,which worth the efforts to explore its epidemiology,related risk factors and effective strategies for prevention.Further investigation is indicated to clarify whether ethnic or cultural differences exist in fall incidence.

关 键 词：跌倒 老年人 发生率 后果 调查分析 老年卫生 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]