老年人下呼吸道感染致病菌的分布和耐药  

Distribution and resistance of pathogenic bacteraia from lower respiratory tract infection of elderly patients

作　　者：左孟华[1] 钱东华[1] 杜文波[1] 郑辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第一医院,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林省榆树市医院内科

出　　处：《中国老年学杂志》2001年第4期275-276,共2页Chinese Journal of Gerontology

摘　　要：目的　了解本地区老年人下呼吸道感染细菌分布及耐药情况 ,供临床用药借鉴。方法　采用普通细菌培养及药敏感测定。结果　阳性细菌分离率 2 6.5% ;革兰氏阴性杆菌占首位 (72 .5% ) ;其中克雷伯杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠杆菌、不动杆菌、肠杆菌属为优势菌 ;革兰氏阳性球菌占第二位 (2 2 .9% ) ,其中链球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为优势菌。大部分革兰氏阴性菌对亚胺培南、喹诺酮类、头孢霉素三代及丁胺卡那霉素有较好的敏感性。革兰氏阳性球菌对头孢霉素二代、头孢三代、万古霉素及亚胺培南较敏感。结论　革兰氏阴性杆菌感染占首位。革兰氏阴性杆菌感染是多样性 ,亚胺培南、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢他啶及头孢哌酮在革兰氏阴性杆菌中抗菌活性最强。万古霉素、亚胺培南对革兰氏阳性球菌抗菌活性最强。? Objective To investigate the distribution and resistance of lower respiratory tract infection of elder patients in this location.Methods Sputum culture and drug susceptibility determination.Results The isolating rate of positive bacteria was 26 5%.G - bacilli took up the top(72 5%).Among them,klebsiella Pseudominas aeruginosa,Scherichia coli,E coli Bacillus stabilitu and scherichia were predominant;G + cocci were the second(22 9%).Among them Streptococcus,Staphy lococcus epid ermidis and Staphylococcusaccreus were predominant.The majority of G - bacilli had lower resistant rate against imipenem,quinolones,the third generation of cephalosporins and tobramycin.G + cocci had lwoer resistant rate against the second generation of cephalosporins and the thire generation of cephalosporins vacomycin imipenem.Conclusions Imipenem,tobramycin,ceftazieime and cefoperazone had the most effective activity to G - bacilli.Vacomycin and imipenem had the most effective activity to anti G + cocci.The old medicine such as tobtamycin and vancomycin should be emphasized.

关 键 词：下呼吸道感染 耐药率 抗生素 老年人 

分 类 号：R563.02[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R969.4[医药卫生—内科学]