低氧习服大鼠骨骼肌毛细血管密度和血流供应的变化特点  

CHANGES OF CAPILLARITY AND BLOOD FLOW OF SKELETAL MUSCLE IN RAT DURING ACCLIMATIZATION TO HYPOXIA

作　　者：黄庆愿[1] 高钰琪[1] 史景泉[2] 刘福玉[1] 曹利飞[1] 孙秉庸[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学病理生理教研室高原医学研究室,重庆400038 [2]第三军医大学病理学研究所,重庆400038

出　　处：《中国应用生理学杂志》2001年第3期220-223,230,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助课题 (3 973 0 190 )

摘　　要：目的 :观察大鼠在低氧习服过程中 ,骨骼肌毛细血管密度和血流供应的变化规律。方法 :大鼠在模拟海拔5 0 0 0m低氧 5、15和 30d后 ,用肌球蛋白ATP酶 (mATPase)组织化学方法显示骨骼肌Ⅰ、Ⅱ型纤维和毛细血管并进行图像分析 ;用放射性微球法测定骨骼肌血流量。结果 :低氧 5d组大鼠骨骼肌纤维即出现明显萎缩 ,15d和 30d组大鼠毛细血管密度显著增高 ,但单位面积内毛细血管数 /肌纤维数 (C/F )的比值无明显变化。在所观测的时间内 ,各组大鼠骨骼肌血流量未见明显变化。结论 :大鼠在低氧习服过程中 ,毛细血管并未发生真正的增生 ,而由于骨骼肌纤维出现萎缩 。Aim: To study the changes of capillary density and blood flow of skeletal muscle in rat during acclimatization to hypoxia. Methods: Myosin ATPase histochemistry was used to assay the size and capillarity of skeletal muscle.Biomicrosphere method was used to determine blood flow in the rats at 5 , 15 or 30 day hypobaric hypoxic exposure (simulated 5 000 m altitude). Results: It was found that cross sectional area of skeletal muscle fibers (including type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ) were decreased during acclimatization to hypoxia. Capillary density (CD) was increased in 15 day and 30 day groups but the capillary/fiber ratio (C/F) remained unchanged among all of the groups observed. There was no obvious difference in blood flow between hypoxic rats and control rats. Conclusion: Capillary neoformation does not occur in skeletal muscle of rat during acclimatization to hypobaric hypoxia. Increased capillary density due to atrophy of skeletal muscle fibre might benefit oxygen delivery at high altitude.

关 键 词：低氧 骨骼肌 毛细血管 血流量 习服 高原 

分 类 号：R594.3[医药卫生—内科学] R339.54[医药卫生—临床医学]