多年冻土地区线性工程建设  

Linearity Engineering in Permafrost Areas

作　　者：程国栋[1] 何平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《冰川冻土》2001年第3期213-217,共5页Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology

基　　金：中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所知识创新工程项目 (CACX2 10 0 13) ;中国科学院资源环境领域知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX2 30 6)资助

摘　　要：多年冻土地区修筑建筑物 ,都会受到冻土稳定性的影响 ,冻胀、融沉以及由此带来的其它工程冻害问题必须得到重视 ,处理措施是否得当 ,直接关系到建筑物的运营安全 .在北美及俄罗斯等高纬度多年冻土地区 ,从已修筑的铁路、公路及输油、气管道等线性工程建筑来看 ,有成功的处理冻害的经验 ,也有对冻害认识不足而造成工程不能运营的失败经验 .总结了这些既有工程的建设经验和工程问题治理措施 ,对我国多年冻土地区线性工程的建设 ,尤其对青藏铁路建设具有积极的指导意义 .Much of linearity engineering, such as railways, highways and pipelines, has been built in permafrost areas in North America and Russia. The linearity engineering in permafrost areas, especially in warm permafrost areas, often cause severe problems from long\|term thaw settlements, decline of permafrost table on the embankment, roadway cracking, foundation elevation, differential deformation, slope slip etc., due to soil thawing and refreezing. Many techniques, such as varying thickness of gravel fill, foam board type insulation, heat pipes, air convection cooling ducts, have been used in permafrost regions attempting to limit or prevent thawing of frozen foundation soils below highway and railway embankment and pipelines. There is a brief summary on the techniques in the paper. It is useful to engineering construction in permafrost areas of China, especially to Qinghai-Tibet Railway. Necessary embankment height to prevent thaw and differential settlement is often economically impractical, especially true in discontinuous and warm permafrost areas. Rock fill embankments and rock fill cover materials, which create convective air circulation to enhance ground freezing during freezing periods and provide shading during warmer periods, have been utilized in Russian railway embankments and Alaska highway which cross thaw\|unstable ice\|rich frozen ground terrain. Air convection cooling ducts were also used in permafrost roadway embankment. It function in convection only in winter. When the adjacent soil warms the air inside the duct, causing it to expand and rise up the exhaust stack, at the same time drawing in cool air at the inlet. Dampers were included, and are manually closed in summer. Air convection cooling ducts were of significant benefit in retarding thaw of the of the foundation soils, particularly when used in conjunction with insulation layers placed to reduce summertime heat gains in the soils cooled by the duct system. Insulation layer is one of methods to prevent or control thawing of frozen subgrade

关 键 词：多年冻土 线性建筑 冻害治理措施 冻胀 融沉 环境保护 

分 类 号：P642.14[天文地球—工程地质学]