排铅后再接铅生物指标的观测  

Dynamic changes in biomarkers in the workers re-exposed to lead after treatment with chelating therapy

作　　者：朱俐冰 王文军 李玉美 蒲永杰 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省劳动卫生职业病防治研究所,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2001年第3期139-142,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

摘　　要：目的　探讨排铅工人再接铅后 ,某些生物监测指标和卟啉代谢指标的动态变化。方法　 110名冶炼厂工人经排铅治疗后 ,回生产岗位 2周、 7周、 2 4周 ,分别采样进行血铅 (PbB)、尿铅 (PbU)、尿氨基酮戊酸 (δ ALA)、血氨基酮戊酸脱水酶 (δ ALAD)、红细胞游离原卟啉 (FEP)、血红蛋白 (Hb)的监测 ,同时进行作业场所空气铅烟的监测。结果　低水平接触组以PbB变化较早和灵敏 ,其次为δ ALAD ,δ ALA和FEP的增高出现较晚 ;中等水平接触组以PbB ,PbU和δ ALAD变化出现最早和敏感 ,其后变化趋势变缓 ,但δ ALA、FEP持续增高 ;高水平接触组各项指标均出现明显的改变 ,以δ ALA变化幅度较大 ,其次为FEP、PbU、PbB ,而δ ALAD的变化与中等水平组相似 ,Hb仅在 2 4周出现降低。经相关和聚类分析 ,PbB、PbU、δ ALAD活性具有相似变化规律 ,而FEP与δ ALA具有相似的时间序列变化规律。结论　工人排铅后再接铅 ,在较短时间内出现铅的毒性效应 ,应加强一级预防 。Objective To explore the dynamic changes in some markers in biological monitoring and porphyrin metabolism.Methods Blood lead(PbB),urine lead(PbU),urine δ aminolevulinic acid(δ ALA),activity of δ aminolevulinic acid dehydrase(δ ALAD),free erythrocyte protoprophyrin(FEP)and hemoglobin(Hb)were measured for 110 workers in the smelters re exposed to lead after chelating treatment,as well as the air level of lead fume in the workplaces was monitored.Results In the low level exposure group,PbB was a more sensitive indicator and changed earlier,and δ ALA,δ ALAD and FEP changed later.In the medium level exposure group,PbB,PbU and δ ALAD were more sensitive and the earliest indicator to increase,but δ ALA and FEP increased later and kept in a higher level.In the high level group,all indicators changed significantly,with an increase in δ ALA to a greater extent than that in FEP,PbB and PbU,but δ ALAD increased as that in the medium level exposure.Correlation and cluster analysis showed that PbB,PbU and δ ALAD appeared similarly regular changes,but FEP and δ ALA appeared similar time series changes.Conclusions Toxic effects could be revealed in a shorter time period in the workers re exposed to lead after chelating agent treatment.All indicators appeared two different types of change trends after re exposure to lead.It is emphasized that primary prevention should be strengthened.

关 键 词：铅接触 卟啉代谢指标 接触水平-效应关系 生物监测指标 

分 类 号：R995[医药卫生—毒理学] R363.16[医药卫生—药学]