海洋沉积物—海水界面附近氮、磷、硅的生物地球化学  

N, P and Si Biogeochemistry near Marine Sediment-Seawater Interface

作　　者：孙云明[1] 宋金明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所

出　　处：《地质论评》2001年第5期527-534,共8页Geological Review

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金(编号49925614)

摘　　要：海洋沉积物中的N和P随沉积物的粒度由粗到细,含量逐渐升高,而Si则降低;积物中N、P、S的含量还随海区、输入源、季节、动力学过程及生物生产过程不同而变化。控制海洋沉积物—海水界面N、P、Si沉积、释放及循环的因素,包括有机质和溶解氧的浓度、有机质中C、N、P、Si的相对比例、沉积物—海水界面附近的氧化还原环境、生物扰动、温度、水深、pH值、不同形态S的浓度、金属离子以及水动力条件等。一般其综合作用的表现是,沉积物—海水界面之间NH_4^+、PO_4^(3-)和Si(OH)_4从沉积物向上覆水扩散转移,而硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的通量方向相反,通量的大小随着海区的不同差别较大。The contents of N and P in marine sediments increase with decreasing grain size of the sediments, but the reverse is true of the Si content. The contents of these elements vary with different oceanic regions, terrestrial inputs, seasonal variations, interstitial water advection and biological production process. The factors controlling the deposition, release and cycling of N, P and S at the marine sediment-seawater interface include the concentrations of organic matter and dissolved oxygen, ratios of C,N,P and Si in organic matter, redox environment near the sediment-seawater interface, bioturbation, temperature, depth of overlying water, pH, hydro-logic dynamic conditions, concentrations of S occurring in different forms, and concentrations of metallic elements such as. Fe2+, A13+ and Mn2+. Generally, the fluxes of NH4+ , PO43- and Si(OH)4 move from sediment to overlying water, but the fluxes of nitrate and nitrite move in an opposite direction, i. e. from overlying water to sediment. The magnitude of the fluxes across the sediment-water interface differs significantly in different o-ceanic regions.

关 键 词：生物地球化学循环 生源要素 海洋沉积物 海水界面 氮 磷 硅 

分 类 号：P736.2[天文地球—海洋地质]