生物芯片技术应用进展  

Advances in Biochip Technology

作　　者：尚春庆[1] 胡耀铭[1] 邓春晖[1] 胡克季[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学分析测试中心

出　　处：《中国基础科学》2001年第5期20-25,共6页China Basic Science

摘　　要：生物芯片是便携式生物化学分析器的核心技术,其基本原理是采用寡核苷酸原位合成或显微打印手段,将大量探针连同CE、HPLC、CEC等化学分析装置有序地固化于支持物表面,生物样品经过扩增、标记后同芯片上的探针杂交,通过对杂交信号的荧光检测分析,或者使用质谱等检测技术,获得待测样品的遗传信息。它的出现在氨基酸序列分析、基因表达、蛋白组学、基因组学研究以及基因诊断等领域已经显示了重要的理论价值和实际应用价值,尽管目前在硬件和软件技术上还面临一些困难,但其发展和应用前景广阔。生物芯片技术的出现终将会给生命科学、医学、化学、新药开发、生物武器战争、司法鉴定、食品和环境卫生监督等领域带来一场革命。本文阐述了生物芯片技术在加工制备、功能和应用方面的近期研究进展。In biochip technology, including DNA chip and protein chip, light-directed in situ oligonucleotide synthesis or microarray printing technique has been adopted, to generate arrays of large amounts of probes on the surface of small substrates such as silicon chips, glass slides and nylon membranes. The fluorescent dye molecules can be incorporated in the biological samples by polymerase chain reaction or other alternative reactions, which hybridize to the probes. After scanning and analysing, the signals can provide information on the identity of samples. Biochip technology has been used for high-throughput parallel analysis of gene expression, large scale gene discovery and sequencing, polymorphism analysis diagnosis and high-throughput drug screening. Though faced with some difficulties in the hardware and software at present, bright future has been envisioned.

关 键 词：生物芯片 技术原理 制作 应用 DNA芯片 蛋白质芯片 生物化学分析 

分 类 号：Q503[生物学—生物化学] TN4[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学]