六价铬的比较遗传毒性和致癌危险性评价方法探讨  

GENOTOXICITY AND CARCINOGENICITY PREDICTION OF POTASSIUM CHROMATE AND DICHROMATE

作　　者：陈婉蓉[1] 傅中滇[1] 

机构地区：[1]镇江医学院卫生毒理实验室

出　　处：《解放军预防医学杂志》1991年第5期338-343,共6页Journal of Preventive Medicine of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：本文报道了铬酸钾与重铬酸钾对体外试验多个遗传终点的作用。其中在SCE、染色体畸变、微核分析、细胞转化、酵母菌有丝分裂基因转换和E.coli噬菌体λ诱导试验中,均获阳性结果,但未能诱导有丝分裂染色体丢失和回复突变。以此结果进行CPBS系统分析,其致癌性预测值(Q_8^+)为0.93,提示是潜在的致癌物;同时计算了比较概率P值和剂量相关函数DRF值,结果表明其作用终点与黄曲霉毒素B_1,3-MCA相似,作用强度与3-MCA相似。六价铬与砷,镉及三价铬等的作用有较大差别。This paper reports the effects of potassium chromate and dichromate onseven different genetic endpoints. Both these chemicals gave positive reacti-on in SCE, chromsome aberration, micronucleus and cell transformation inrat embrpo cell cultures, mitotic gene conversion assays in S. cerevisiae andinductive test of prophage(λ) in E. Coli. The positive responses were notobserved in mitotic chromsome diminution and reverse mutation assaysin S. cerevisiae. Based on these results a carcinogenicity prediction value(θ_8^+) up to 0.93 has been made by CPBS system. The value suggests thatboth postassium chromate and dichromate are possible carcinogens in thepresent study. The P value evaluating the significance of a qualitative matchbetween a pair of chemicals, and dose-related function were calculated bycomputer. Dose related functions indicate substantial quantitative agreementin results from the same tests performed using both chromium^(+6) and3-MCA(DRF = 2.08). The probability (P value) shows a significant matchfor chromium^(+6) and aflatoxin B that suggests concordant endpoints ingenotoxicity.

关 键 词：铬 诱变剂 致癌剂 遗传毒性 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]