WebGIS基本原理及其在地学研究中的应用前景  

BASIC PRINCIPLE OF WebGIS AND ITS APPLICATION TO GEOSCIENCES

作　　者：屈春燕[1] 叶洪[1] 刘治[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地质研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《地震地质》2001年第3期447-454,共8页Seismology and Geology

摘　　要：万维网地理信息系统 (WebGIS)是建立在Internet上、具有浏览器 /服务器体系结构 (B/S)的网络GIS ,它改变了传统GIS的运行模式 ,使用户可以远程使用GIS ,共享地学空间信息资源。首先对WebGIS的概念、基本原理、实现技术、存在问题及发展现状与趋势作了较详细的介绍 ;然后对WebGIS在地学研究中的应用前景进行了探讨 ,认为WebGIS已成为地学研究中新的用户需求和发展的必然趋势 ,必将促进地学研究的信息化进程。This paper introduces the concepts, basic principle, implementing technology, present situation and developing trend of WebGIS, and discusses the applicability of this new technique to geosciences. WebGIS is an Internet-based network GIS, which changes the running and serving modes of traditional GIS. The usage of traditional GIS was restricted to a community of trained experts, whereas WebGIS can make GIS technology accessible for many people through the application of GIS available on World Wide Web. The greatest advantage of WebGIS is its On-line feature; it not only can move the general GIS functionality, such as zoom, pan, point query on internet, but also has some statistical and spatial analysis capabilities. Moreover, it provides spatial operating functions such as buffer, overlay etc. Users can make their inquiries in spatial way and customize thematic maps in browser just like to query their spatial database in a local computer. They can also download the needed data to their local machines for use in their locally installed GIS software. There are several possible classifications of WebGIS. They mostly adopt the popular three-layer Browser/Server architecture consisting of browser, WebGIS application-server and GIS map-server. The browser sends GIS requests and displays maps with the interactive user-interface on client computer. The WebGIS application-server receives the requests and dispatches them to a proper map-server. The GIS map-server processes user's requests using available GIS applications and delivers the results to clients. The technical methods to implement WebGIS include Plug-ins, ActiveX, JAVA and ASP. The applications of existing WebGIS represent a wide variety of quality, aims and technical solutions. Most of the WebGIS are still in prototypes. At present, most of the WebGIS are still Online Retrieval Systems. This is mainly because that they are easy to operate and real spatial analysis is not necessary for many issues. The development directions of WebGIS, however, mayb

关 键 词：万维网地理信息系统 地学研究 空间数据共享 WEBGIS 全球化 开放性 

分 类 号：P5[天文地球—地质学] P208