高原咸水湖水面蒸发估算——以兹格塘错为例  

Estimates of Plateau Lake Evaporation: A Case Study of Zige Tangco

作　　者：李万春[1] 李世杰[1] 濮培民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2001年第3期227-232,共6页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 ( 4 0 0 710 0 1);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19980 4 0 80 0 );中国科学院青藏高原研究项目(KZ95 1-A1- 2 0 2 - 0 2 )联合资助

摘　　要：根据兹格塘错流域附近气象站 (安多、那曲和班戈 )的器测资料和那曲站的实测辐射资料 ,对兹格塘错水面蒸发进行了估算 .结果表明 ,兹格塘错多年平均 (195 8- 1998年 )蒸发量为92 5 .1mm ,在估算的 4 1年中 ,最高的为 1111.5mm(1975年 ) ,最低的仅 791.9mm(1983年 ) .5年滑动平均结果揭示 ,近 4 0年来兹格塘错蒸发存在波动变化 ,基本上由 2个峰值期 (1970 - 1980年和1993- 1998年 )、1个下降期 (1975 - 1980年 )和 2个相对平稳期组成 ,且总体上呈上升趋势 .Zige Tangco (32°00′-32°09′N, 90°44′-90°57′E, 4560a.s.l.), located in Central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is an endorheic saline lake. As no instrumental data were available in the basin, three nearby stations, i.e. Amdo, Naqu and Bangoin, were selected for lake evaporation estimates in Zige Tangco. Meteorological observations from three above-mentioned stations as well as radiation data from Naqu were used for Penman equations approach. During 1958-1998, a yearly-mean lake evaporation of 925.1mm was calculated, ranging from 791.9mm (in 1983) to a maximum 1111.5mm (in 1975). Further 5-year running average results revealed that 2 high-level stages and 1 low-level stage were dominant in the past 40 years, and an ascending trend was obvious, though fluctuating.

关 键 词：兹格塘错 青藏高原 蒸发量 咸水湖 水面蒸发 彭曼公式 

分 类 号：P332.2[天文地球—水文科学]