杭州城市园林绿化对小气候的影响  

Effect of landscaping and greening on microclimate in Hangzhou city

作　　者：鲍淳松[1] 楼建华[1] 曾新宇[1] 项志松[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州植物园,浙江杭州310013

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2001年第4期415-418,共4页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：杭州市建委资助项目 (980 2 7)

摘　　要：进行了园林绿化对气温和相对湿度的影响研究 ,结果表明 ,在杭州的夏季 ,经过园林绿化后 ,气温能降低 0 .7℃、最高可降 2 .3℃、相对湿度提高 4 %、最高可达 15 % ;冬季阴雨天气时没有降温作用 .没有绿化的主街是个热源 ,经过绿化的小区比主街低 0 .6℃ .良好的行道树具有降温作用 ,能降低 0 .5～ 1℃ ,相对湿度提高 4 % .不同的植物类型降温作用有差别 ,总的说来 ,树冠高大、枝叶浓密的降温作用大 ,乔木的降温作用大于草坪 .植物表面的温度低于人工下垫面 ,夏季可降低 4～ 8℃ .The effects of greening on temperature and relative humidity are studied.Results show that air temperature is reduced by 0.7 ℃ on average, 2.3 ℃ at maximum, and relative humidity increased by 4% on average, 15% at maximum after landscaping and greening in summer,but in winter there is no cooling effect in bad weather. Street air temperature is 0.6 ℃ higher than that of the housing district if well afforested. Alleytree can lower air temperature 0.5 1℃, raise relative humidity 4%. Different plant types have different cooling effects, in general, bigger and denser canopy has greater cooling effect, and arbor's greater than lawn's. The temperature on plant leaf is largely lowerer than that of man made surface,reducing by 4 8 ℃ in summer sunny time. The cooling effect by greening is displayed mainly in good weather in summer.

关 键 词：气温 相对湿度 绿化 行道树 降温作用 表面温度 杭州 城市 园林绿化 小气候 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学] S687.1