东北矮紫杉组织、细胞培养及其紫杉醇生成的研究  

Tissue Culture and Cell Suspension Culture of Taxus cuspidata Sieb.et Zucc.var. and Taxol Production

作　　者：王关林[1] 方宏筠[1] 胡风庆[2] 王鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学生物工程研究所,大连116029 [2]辽宁大学生物系,沈阳110036

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2001年第4期373-378,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：辽宁省教委攻关项目 (980 15 )

摘　　要：东北矮紫杉系灌木型东北红豆杉人工栽培品种 ,其株形矮、分枝多、生长快 ,可采收大量红豆杉枝条 ,也是园林常绿观赏树种 ,但其繁殖困难。本研究通过茎段腋芽培养建立了试管苗再生体系 ,为快速繁育红豆杉苗木创造条件。从茎、叶诱导出愈伤组织 ,建立了细胞悬浮培养系 ,为生物反应器生产紫杉醇打下基础。实验中对矮紫杉茎、叶、愈伤组织及细胞悬浮培养物中的有效成分进行薄层层析和高效液相色谱检测 ,发现它们中均有紫杉醇存在 ,而且细胞培养物中的含量高于茎、叶。该研究结果表明 ,东北矮紫杉是理想的解决紫杉醇来源的红豆杉人工栽培品种 ;研究还观察到Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc.var. is a cultivated variety of T. cuspidata Sieb.et Zucc.and a evergreen tree in park.It is a dwarf shrub,with more branches, grows rapidly,and its production of branches and leaves is high,but its breeding is difficult.A rapid propagation system through its stem and suspension culture cell lines in vitro were set up that laied the foundation of production of taxol by using bioreactor.Preliminary identification by multiple efficiency thin layer and high performance liquid chromatography indicated that taxol is contained in stem,leaves,callus and culture cells,and those in culture cells were higher than in others.It was indicated that T.cuspidata Sieb.et Zucc.var. was an ideal cultivar for production of taxol.It was observed that the polyvidone was an effective antioxidant removing brown of explants in tissure culture.

关 键 词：东北矮紫杉 紫杉醇 组织培养 细胞培养 生物反应器 抗癌药物 聚乙烯吡咯酮 

分 类 号：S791.49[农业科学—林木遗传育种] TQ464.9[农业科学—林学]