高寒草甸藏嵩草种群繁殖对策的研究  

STUDY ON REPRODUCTION STRATEGIES OF KOBRESIA TIBETICA POPULATION ON ALPINE MEADOW

作　　者：邓自发[1] 谢晓玲[1] 王启基[2] 周兴民[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通师范学院生命科学与技术系,南通226007 [2]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810001

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2001年第4期332-334,共3页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：中国科学院海北高寒草甸生态系统开放实验站基金资助;南通师范学院课题资助

摘　　要：对高寒草甸藏嵩草 (Kobresiatibetica)种群的繁殖对策进行了初步研究 .结果表明 :藏嵩草属寒冷中生密丛短根茎地下芽植物 ,在高寒生境中采用了以营养繁殖为主、有性繁殖为辅的繁殖策略 ,具体体现在以下几个方面 :藏嵩草种子产量nA=2 0 0 .1m-2 ,但种子萌发率较低 ,室内和野外萌发率分别仅有 4%和 2 % ,经氢氧化钠溶液和赤霉素溶液处理后的种子萌发率分别为 1%和 6 .7% ,而剥去种皮后种子萌发率达 47.3% ,所以种皮坚硬是造成种子萌发率低的主要原因 ;进入种子库、保留至返青期且具有活性的种子仅占种子总数的 31.49% ;单位面积上理论实生苗数仅为1.2 6m-2 ,与此相反 ,藏嵩草营养繁殖所形成的新个体数为 10 1.32m2 ,远远多于种子萌发所形成的实生苗数 .此外 ,藏嵩草营养繁殖效力也远高于有性繁殖效力 ,营养繁殖效力占总繁殖效力的 83.46 % (16 7) .表 1参The reproductive strategies of Kobresia tibetica on alpine meadow from sexual reproduction, vegetative reproduction and reproductive efforts were studied respectively.The results showed that the seed output of Kobresia tibetica was 200.1 m -2 , but the germination rate indoor and in field was only 4% and 2%, respectively, and there was only 1% and 6.7% seed germinated after treated by NaOH (pH 8.0～8.5) and 1‰ GA 3 (24 h)separately. However, the germination rate was 47.3% when seed vessel was removed, so the main reason which led to the low germination rate was hard seed vessel. There are 83.46%(167) seed which get into seed bank,74.97%(150) seed retaining to grass greening and only 31.49%(63) seed keeping vitality in all of output. So the seedlings were only 1.26 m -2 in field,but the new ramets were 101.32 per m -2 of K. tibetica by vegetative reproduction. In addition , vegetative reproduction efficiency(19.46%) was higher than that of on 2.93%. Tab 1, Ref 7

关 键 词：高寒草甸 藏嵩草种群 无性系小株 繁殖效力 繁殖对策 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学] S812[农业科学—草业科学]