小麦D^2型细胞质长日光敏雄性不育可能分子机理的研究初报  

Preliminary Results on Possible Molecular Basis of D^2-Type Photoperiod-sensitive Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Wheat

作　　者：张爱民[1] 王艳[2] 刘冬成[2] 郭小丽[3] 聂秀玲[2] 李润枝[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传研究所,北京100101 [2]中国农业大学作物学院,北京100094 [3]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100094

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2001年第3期223-226,共4页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助课题(39770459)

摘　　要：一些Ｄ２型细胞质的核质杂种小麦在长日下（≥１５　ｈ）出现雄性不育，表现为雄蕊心皮化，　在短日下（≤１４．５　ｈ）则育性正常，国内外学者将这种新型不育系称之为光敏细胞质雄性不育（Ｐｈｏｔｏｐｅｒｉｏｄ－ｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅ　Ｃｙｔｏｐｌａｓｍｉｃ　Ｍａｌｅ　Ｓｔｅｒｉｌｉｔｙ　ＰＣＭＳ）。以Ｄ２型细胞质光敏雄性不育系农林２６及其短日下可育对照为材料，对Ｄ２型细胞质光敏雄性不育的基因表达进行了研究。研究表明：长日下小麦中与拟南芥控制花发育的Ｂ类基因ＡＰ３具有同源性的ＴａＭＡＤＳ＃５１在该不育系中（长日条件下）未见表达，而在短日下有表达，但只在幼穗中表达，叶片和成穗中均未见表达。初步认为该不育系在长日下出现雄蕊心皮化是由于控制雄蕊发育的Ｂ类基因沉默所致。研究揭示了一种核质互作＋基因型环境互作的复杂互作造成类似于拟南芥中单基因突变的遗传现象。Some wheat cybrid with D2 type cytoplasm show male sterility(pistillate stamens in morphological)under long-day condition(≥15 h)and it was named Photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility(PCMS)by Murai and Tsunewaki(1993).Norin 26 with cytoplasm of Aegilops crassa(NC26)shows almost complete pistillate stamens(male sterile)under long-day condition of 15h or longer light period,but highly male fertile under short-day condition.The molecular biological research on pistillate stamens of NC26 has been conducted by employing RT-PCR method.The results indicated that B type homoetic gene TaMADS#51 dose not expressed under long-day condition but under short-day condition.The blot signal with TaMADS#51 as probe appeared only in young spike while did not in mature spike and leaf under short condition.It is suggested that the male sterility(pistillate stamens in morphological)under long-day condition results from the silence of B type homoetic gene TaMADS#51.The results revealed an interesting genetic phenomenon which means a complicated genetic interaction(cytoplasm/nuclear/environment)like the result of a gene mutation in Arabidopsis.

关 键 词：D^2型细胞质光敏雄性不育 基因表达 小麦 分子机理 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]