苦楝树春季物候期特征及其与农业界限温度关系  

Relationship between Spring Phenophase Characteristics of Beadtree and Agricultural Threshold Temperature

作　　者：甘一忠[1] 李耀先[1] 夏小曼[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西气象局,南宁市民族大道81号530022 [2]广西区气候中心,南宁530022

出　　处：《广西科学》2001年第2期143-147,共5页Guangxi Sciences

摘　　要：根据广西 12个市县气象站对苦楝物候观测资料 (其中 2 4°N以北 4个点 ,2 4°N和以南 8个点 ,资料年限14年～ 19年 ) ,发现 ,各站苦楝春季平均芽开放期 (y芽开放 )、展叶平均始期 (y展叶始 )、开花平均始期 (y开花始 )与当地经度、纬度、冬季平均气温呈正相关关系 (r芽开放 =0 .85 * * ,r展叶始 =0 .86 * * ,r开花始 =0 .99* * * )。在广西 2 4°N及以南地区 ,用各站逐年 1月平均气温 (X1 1 )、≥ 10℃始日 (X1 2 )和头年≥ 15℃终日 (X1 3 )建立的苦楝物候期预测模型 :y1 芽开放 =87.995 - 0 .2 6 3X1 1 + 0 .16 3X1 2 - 0 .12 3X1 3(r =0 .5 5 * * * ,n =130 ) ;y1 展叶始 =74.95 3 - 0 .35 8X1 1+ 0 .2 15 X1 2 + 0 .111X1 3 (r =0 .70 * * *,n =130 ) ;y1 开花始 =46 .0 6 3 - 0 .2 6 7X1 1 + 0 .2 5 0 X1 2 + 0 .0 6 5 X1 3(r =0 .71* * * ,n =130 )。在广西 2 4°N以北地区 ,用各站逐年≥ 5℃初日 (X2 1 )、1月平均气温 (X2 2 )和头年≥ 10℃终日 (X2 3)建立的苦楝物候期预测模型 :y2芽开放 =87.2 0 4+ 0 .12 3X2 1 - 0 .2 16 X2 2 - 0 .0 5 X2 3(r=0 .5 0 * * ,n =6 9) ;y2展叶始 =80 .5 72 + 0 .12 6 X2 1 - 0 .334X2 2 - 0 .142 X2 3(r =0 .6 4* * *,n =6 9) ;y2开花始 =89.Based on the phenophase data of 14 to 19 years of Melia azedarach in 12 regions in Guangxi,in which 4 regions are at the 24°N northward,8 regions at 24°N and southward, it is found that the average sprout date ( sprout ),average leafing date ( leafing ),average blooming date ( blooming ) in spring positive correlate to latitude,longitude, average winter air temperature, with correlation coefficients of r sprout =0 85 ** ,r leafing =0 86 ** ,r blooming =0 99 *** ,in these 12 stations.At the 24°N and southward,the phenophase models are developed with average January air temperature(x 11 ),initial date of ≥10 ℃(x 12 ),end date of ≥15 ℃ last year (x 13 ) as follows:  1 sprout =87 995-0 263X 11 +0 163X 12 -0 123X 13 (r=0 55 *** ,n=130); 1 leafing =74 953-0 358X 11 +0 215X 12 +0 111X 13 (r=0 70 *** ,n=130); 1 blooming =46 063-0 267X 11 +0 250X 12 +0 065X 13 (r=0 71 *** ,n=130). At the 24°N northward, the phenophase models are developed with initial date of ≥5 ℃(x 21 ),average January air temperature(x 22 ), end date of ≥10 ℃ last year (x 23 ) as follows:  2 sprout =87 204+0 123X 21 -0 216X 22 -0 05X 23 (r=0 50 ** ,n=69); 2 leafing =80 572+0 126X 21 -0 334X 22 -0 142X 23 (r=0 64 *** ,n=69); 2 blooming =89 296-0 046X 21 -0 363X 22 -0 193X 23 (r=0 65 *** ,n=69).

关 键 词：苦楝树 物候期 农业界限温度 春季 

分 类 号：S792.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]