近代日本的“秩禄处分”与“士族授产”  

The Remouldation of the Traditional Nobles in the Times of Meiji Reform of Japan:Salary Readjustment and Occupation Encouragement

作　　者：臧佩红[1] 米庆余[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学日本研究中心,天津300071

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2001年第5期45-53,共9页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

摘　　要：18 68年日本开始明治维新以后 ,旧封建士族在政治和财政上都成为新政府的负担 ,甚至危及新政权的存亡。为此 ,新政府相继采取“秩禄处分”与“士族授产”两项政策 ,成功地完成了对士族阶层的改造。“秩禄处分”与“士族授产”是相辅相成的 ,并为日本近代社会的转型创造了积极因素。但这两项政策并没有从思想意识上改造士族 ,因而又具有阶级的局限性 ,为尔后日本的军国主义留下了思想上的根源。In 1868 the Meiji Reform began and the traditional shizoku (nobles) turned out to be a political and economic burden of the new government and even a threat to the new regime. The writers in this paper is to deal with the measures, salary readjustment and occupation encouragement, the Meiji government took to remould the traditional nobles, the shizoku. The measures were supplementarily carried to a successful end, creating positive elements for the transition of modern Japanese society. However, the remouldation was not an ideological one. The rebuilt shizoku acquired a new economic life but kept the spirit of bushido which serves as the root giving rise to Japanese militarism.

关 键 词：近代 日本 '秩禄处分'政策 '士族授产'政策 社会转型 士族阶层 农业 制造业 银行 评价 

分 类 号：K313.41[历史地理—历史学]