黑龙江地区锦鲤的饲养和抗寒研究  

Studies On Rearing And Anti-cold of Cyprinus carpio In Heilongjiang District

作　　者：徐伟[1] 刘刚[1] 赵吉伟[1] 杜刚 刘波 祝景怀 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070 [2]哈尔滨鱼苗繁育场,哈尔滨150046

出　　处：《水产学杂志》2000年第1期35-40,共6页Chinese Journal of Fisheries

摘　　要：通过引进的日本原种锦鲤在黑龙江地区土池 (富营养 )饲养 ,采用与食用鲤鱼相同的养殖条件 ,对锦鲤一龄鱼、二龄鱼、三龄鱼、四龄鱼和亲鱼的成活率测定 ,分别达 77%、85%、95 %、94%、1 0 0 %。得出锦鲤适合黑龙江地区的土池养殖。进行原种锦鲤、杂交种锦鲤一龄鱼、二龄鱼和三龄鱼室内和自然条件下越冬成活率的比较 ,原种锦鲤在水温 1 1℃的室内越冬成活率较高。在高寒地区自然越冬条件下成活率接近 0 ,抗寒能力极差。但与荷包红鲤抗寒品系杂交的杂交种锦鲤 ,一龄鱼、二龄鱼和三龄鱼在自然条件越冬成活率分别达 56 6 %、86%和 81 1 %。抗寒性状可通过与荷包红鲤抗寒品系杂交遗传给杂交种锦鲤。并对自交种、杂交种的后代较好体色的锦鲤进行了统计 ,自交种后代为 35% ,同荷包红鲤抗寒品系的杂交种后代为 6 % ,杂交种后代体色较好的锦鲤明显低于自交种。AfterprimaryseedofCyprinuscarpiointroducedfromJapanreardinearthly pond (fullofnourishment)ofHeilongjiangdistrict,survivalrateonadultfish ,oneyearoldfish , twoyearsoldfish ,threeyearsoldfish ,andfouryearsoldfishwastestedthroughthesamerear ingconditionasthatofcommoncarp .Resultsshowthatsurvivalraterespectivelyreaches 10 0 % ,77% ,85 % ,95 % ,94% ,andwecandrawaconclusionthatCyprinuscarpiofitstoberearedinearthlypondinHeilongjiangdistrict.ComparedthesurvivalrateofCyprinuscarpio primaryseedwiththatofcross breedingoneyearold ,twoyearsold ,threeyearsoldfishunder thespendingwinterconditionbothinroomandinnature,thesurvivalrateofprimaryseed Cyprinuscarpiothroughwinterinroomishighon 11℃watertemperature .It’ssurvivalrate undernaturalconditionisnearly 0 %infrigiddistrict,andanti coldcapabilityismuchbad .The survivalrateundernaturalconditionofcross breedingCyprinuscarpiocross breededwithred ballcommoncarpanti coldstrainoneyearold ,twoyearsold ,threeyearsoldfishrespectively reaches 5 6 6 % ,86 %and 81 1% ,Anti coldpropertiescanbeinheritedtoCyprinuscarpioby cross breedingwithredballcommoncarpstrain .Testedgoodnessappearancerateofself breed ingvarietyandcross breedingvariety :goodnessappearancerateofself breedingvarietyofCyprinuscarpiois 35 % ,goodnessappearancerateofcross breedingCyprinuscarpiowithredballcommoncarpis 6 % .Goodnessappearancdrateofcross breedingCyprinuscarpioisappar entlylowerthanthatofself breedingCyprinuscarpio.

关 键 词：黑龙江地区 锦鲤 饲养 抗寒 成活率 

分 类 号：S965.8[农业科学—水产养殖]