日本弓背蚁生物学特性及捕食马尾松毛虫作用的研究  

A Study on the Bionomics and Predatory Effect of Camponotus japonicus to Dendrolimus punctatus

作　　者：王常禄[1] 吴坚[1] 萧刚柔[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业研究所

出　　处：《林业科学研究》1991年第4期405-408,共4页Forest Research

摘　　要：日本弓背蚁在地下筑巢,最深达1.40 m,每巢有卵0～953个,幼虫29～2 302条,蛹0～953个,工蚁42～4 012只,无翅雌蚁1～3只。秋季产生有性蚁,每年4月底至5月初婚飞。各阶段发育历期分别为:卵期16～19天,幼虫期10～28天,预蛹期6～7天,蛹期14～19天。疑蚁蟋蟀和跳虫科昆虫与之共生。地面爬行的1～3龄松毛虫幼虫被蚂蚁发现后分别有70％、23.3％和10％被捕食,树上1～2龄幼虫被蚂蚁发现后分别有48％和10％被捕食。每亩有56个蚁巢的马尾松林,对1～2龄期松毛虫捕食效果达23.7％。Camponotus japonicus Mayr nests under ground. In one colony, there are eggs from 0 to 953, larvae from 29 to 2 302, pupae from 0 to 1 357, workers from 42 to 4 012 and dealate females from 1 to 3. The males and females usually appear in autumn and they will come out for marriage flight from last ten days of April to the first ten days of May next year. The growth time from egg to adult is as follows: 16 to 19 days for eggs, 10 to 28 days for larvae, 6 to 7 days for prepupae and 14 to 19 days for pupae. Placing larvae of the Dendrolimus punctatus Walker in the near of the ant, the ratio of 1 to 3 instar larvae by ants is 70%, 23.3% and 10% respectively. When the first and second instar larvae on trees were found by the ant, they will be preyed by 48 % and 10 % respectively. After 14 days experiment, the populations of the D. yunctatus in trees with ants decreased than those without ants by an average rate of 23.7 %.

关 键 词：日本弓背蚁 生物学特性 捕食作用 

分 类 号：S763.85[农业科学—森林保护学]