石山稀有濒危植物在迁地保护后的性状变异  

Variation in characteristics of rare and threatened plants after ex-situ conservation

作　　者：黄仕训[1] 李瑞棠[1] 骆文华[1] 周太久[1] 唐文秀[1] 王燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广西植物研究所,桂林541006

出　　处：《生物多样性》2001年第4期359-365,共7页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：中国科学院植物园特别支持项目;广西科学基金资助项目 (项目号 :972 10 13)

摘　　要：本文对比研究了 7种石山稀有濒危植物在石灰岩土壤以及迁移到酸性土壤后的外形特征、生长发育习性及化学元素含量。结果表明 ,7种石山稀有濒危植物迁移到酸性土壤后发生了以下变化 :1)外形变化主要表现为叶片变大变薄 ,有的植物种子或叶形有变化 ;2 )迁移后开花、结实、落叶期晚 1周以上 ,在气候条件相同的地区 ,营养生长期没有变化 ;3)植物体内的化学元素N、Zn、B、Al的含量增加 2 0 %以上 ,而Ca含量减少 10 % ;4)Al的含量虽增加很多 ,但仍远低于酸性土壤中的植物 ;Ca的含量虽然减少 ,但仍高于酸性土壤植物 ;5 )元素K、B的生物吸收系数在石灰岩土壤高于酸性土壤 ,其他元素N、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Al、Mn。We compared morphological characters, phenology and chemical elemental contents of seven threatened plant species in limestone soil with those in acid red soil. The results show that the following variations occurred after the plants had been introduced to acid soil : 1) the leaves became larger and thinner, and the seeds and leaf shape of some species changed; 2) the flowering, fruit bearing and leaf falling was delayed one week;3) the chemical content of N, Zn, B and Al increased as much as 20%, but Ca decreased by 10%, though much higher than those in acid soil ; 5) the K, B absorbencies of the plants in limestone soil were about 10%;4) the content of Ca decreased, but was still much higher than the plants in acid soil. The content of Al higher than those in acid soil, but the absorbencies of other elements (N, P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Al, Mn and Zn) were lower than those in acid soil.

关 键 词：稀有濒危植物 石灰岩土 酸性土 石山 迁地保护 性状变异 

分 类 号：Q948.13[生物学—植物学] Q16