中国种子植物物种多样性及其分布格局  

Species diversity and distribution pattern of seed plants in China

作　　者：应俊生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学开放研究实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《生物多样性》2001年第4期393-398,共6页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：中国科学院植物研究所所长基金项目

摘　　要：缤纷的中国植物区系包含着大量的特有种 ,这使中国成为北半球最富植物多样性的国家。其原因一是土地面积辽阔 ,植物演化历史时间悠久 ,气候相对稳定。二是中国具有连续完整的热带、亚热带、温带和寒带的植被类型。三是伴随地质构造上的活跃 ,中国广大陆地受到了强烈的深切和抬升 ,导致生境复杂多样 ,使中国成为一个重要的植物物种保存中心、形成中心和进化中心。中国植物多样性的分布是很不均匀的 ,主要集中分布于中南部 ,约在 2 0°～ 35°N之间。在该范围内 ,我们确定了 3个植物多样性热点地区 :横断山脉地区、华中地区和岭南地区 ,它们的植物多样性和特有性程度都很高 ,其中横断山脉地区尤为突出。China has an extremely diverse flora with very high levels of endemism that has given China first place in the Northern Hemisphere in floristic richness. A combination of three reasons explains the floristic richness of China. First, the large area, long time for the organisms to evolve and climatic stability of China has made the country an important region of plant diversity in the Northern Hemisphere. Second, China is unique in being the country in the world that includes a region with vegetational continuity between tropical, subtropical, temperate, and boreal forests. Third, the tectonically active, highly dissected and elevated geography of China has made the country an important center of surrival, speciation and evolution. The diversity of plant is not uniformly distributed over China, but is concentrated in the south central part of China which reaches from ca. 20°0′to 35°0′ N. The diversity and levels of endemism within three localized hot spots in south central China, the Hengduan range, the C. China and the Lingnan region, are notable in comparison with other regions. The Mt. Hengduan flora in particular is the richest of the three Chinese Hot spots. However, of all the Hot spots, the Hengduan Range. C. China and Lingnan region are most in need of conservation attention.

关 键 词：植物多样性 分布格局 热点地区 中国 种子植物 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]