运行条件对超滤膜污染的影响  

Effects of Operational Condition on Ultrafiltration (UF) Membrane Fouling

作　　者：王磊 福士宪一 

机构地区：[1][日]八户工业大学工学研究科

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2001年第10期1-4,共4页China Water & Wastewater

摘　　要：为了进一步明确超滤过程中运行条件对膜污染的影响 ,以三菱造纸厂黑液经井水稀释 (10 4 ～ 10 5倍 )作为试验原水 ,用截留分子质量为 15× 10 4 的超滤膜对不同原水浓度、透水率、反冲洗方式、间隔时间、压力等条件下的膜压差变化情况进行了试验。结果表明 :原水浓度在E2 60 值为 0 .0 3～ 0 .16之间运行 ,可以控制膜压差的迅速增大 ,提高运行效率 ;相反E2 60 >0 .35时 ,可能引起膜的不可逆污染。在不影响系统压力的原则下 ,增大膜表面的流速可以起到边透水边洗膜的作用 ,即膜表面流速为 1.6m/s时能大大缓解膜压差的增加。虽然反冲洗的间隔时间和压力会影响膜压差 ,但前者并不是重要的影响因素。从水质结果可以看出 ,膜污染层起到了和膜本体同样的过滤作用。To further understand the effects of operational condition on UF membrane fouling,an experiment using kraft pulp liquor diluted with 10 4～10 5 times well water as synthetic raw water was carried out to examine the influence of raw water strength,permeability,backwash mode,interval,and pressure on the trans membrane pressure difference by applying UF membrane with 'molecular weight cutoff'of 15×10 4.The results show that the raw water E 260 value of 0.03～0.16 may cause little change in trans membrane pressure difference and increase operating efficiency,while E 260 value is greater than 0.35,an irreversible fouling of UF membrane may be observed.On the principle of no influence exerting on the system pressure,the increase of membrane surface velocity may result in water permeation while membrane cleaning,that is,at membrane surface velocity of 1.6 m/s,little change is observed in the trans membrane pressure difference.Although the backwash intervals and pressure have effect on the trans membrane pressure difference,the backwash period is not an important factor influencing the pressure difference.

关 键 词：超滤 运行条件 膜污染 膜压差 废水处理 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]