低氧环境对良种鸡蛋孵化率的影响  

Influence of low partial pressure of O_2 environment during incubation on the hatchability of chicken egg

作　　者：佘永新[1] 田发益[1] 赵晓玲[1] 田见辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院畜牧兽医系,西藏林芝860000 [2]中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京100081

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2001年第3期71-74,共4页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部重点项目

摘　　要：西藏高原由于海拔高 ,氧分压低 ,使低海拔地区良种鸡种蛋在西藏地区的孵化率较低 ,仅为 30 % - 35 %。对伊莎褐鸡和拉萨白鸡的孵化率 ,蛋形指数 ,胚胎和雏鸡的血液生理指标进行了对比试验分析。结果表明 ,伊莎褐鸡胚和拉萨白鸡胚在同一孵化阶段的耗氧量、血液中血红蛋白含量、红细胞数等血液生理指标都有极显著差异 (P <0 0 1) ;伊莎褐鸡的蛋壳较厚 ,壳膜的气体交换能力差 ,胚胎死亡主要集中在孵化早期 (入孵后前 5d)和晚期 (入孵 15d后 ) ,分别于这两个阶段输氧 ,在氧浓度达体积分数 2 4 %左右时可提高良种鸡蛋的孵化率 30 %以上。试验证明 。Low partial pressure of O 2 and high elevation in Tibet plateau cause low hatchability of egg for the chicken originated from low elevation.Generally,their hatching rate is only 30%-35%.Comparison of the hatchability,egg parameters,and the physiological indices of embryo and chick blood between Esa brown chicken,an induced breed,and Lhasa white chiken,a local breed from Lhasa,was conducted.The results showed that there were highly significant differences between the blood physiological parameters including O 2 consumption,HB content and RBC at the same incubation stage for both breeds(P<0 01).The membrane of Esa brown chicken had poor gas exchange ability due to thicker shell thickness,dead of embryo mainly happend in the early stage (first 5 days after incubation) and late stage (15 days after incubation).If input O 2 at these two stages and the O 2 concentration reached 24%(V/V),the hatchability might increase by 30%,indicating that O 2 defficiency might be one of the main reasons causing low hatchability for the chickens grown in Tibet.

关 键 词：伊莎褐鸡 拉萨白鸡 孵化率 低氧环境 良种鸡蛋 缺氧 

分 类 号：S831.3[农业科学—畜牧学]