渤、黄海假潮的气象学成因  

THE METEOROLOGICAL ORIGIN OF SEICHE IN BOHAI SEA AND YELLOW SEA

作　　者：龙宝森[1] 陈则实[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,青岛266061

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2001年第5期569-574,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 4 96762 8号 ;山东省科技计划专项合同 96第 4 0号。

摘　　要：对渤、黄海 1 4个主要海湾的原始验潮记录进行了分析 ,从中筛选出水位变化幅度大于或等于 5 0cm的 5 4个假潮个例 ,着重分析了伴随假潮过程的天气形势 ,把可能引发假潮的天气形势归纳为 4种基本类型。分析结果显示 :绝大多数 ( 92 % )引发假潮的天气个例都与锋面活动有关 ;所有个例中低层大气基本上都是弱静力稳定的 ,且都具有较强的垂直风速切变。根据观测事实和稳定度理论分析认为 ,低层大气的弱静力稳定层结以及由垂直风速切变引起的剪切不稳定性 。The original tide records of 14 bays in Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea have been analy zed. 54 seiche cases in which the variations in sea level height≥50cm are chose n among all the seiche processes. The corresponding weather conditions are also analyzed and induced to 4 basical weather types that can result in seiches: (1) Type A--the observational station is located west of a cyclonic cold front; (2 ) Type B--the station is located east of a cyclonic cold front and at the west edge of a high pressure; (3) Type C--the station is located north of a cyclon ic warm front; (4) Type D--the station is located at the west edge of a high p ressure and the east of a low pressure. Analitical results show that the most we ather cases (92% percent) resulting in seiches are accompanied by cyclonic front s; in fifty percent of these cases the station is located west of the cyclonic c old front and a jet stream exists above ths station or upstream. The stratificat ions of mid-low level atmosphere are basicaly weak static stability in all the cases, with strong vertical wind shears. Based on the study of weather condition s and the stability theoretical analyses, the mid-low level atmosphere with the weak static stability stratification is a necessary background condition for th e occurrence of atmospheric gravity wave and the combination of the weak static stability with the shearing instability caused by the vertical wind shear is one of physical mechanisms of meteorological causes for seiche occurrence. And cycl onic front activities are the most favourable weather background for this mechan ism.

关 键 词：假潮 天气型 大气重力波 渤海 黄海 水位变化 锋面活动 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]