中国历史上政府干预市场问题的考察  

The Problems of State Intervention of Market Affairs in Ancient China

作　　者：丁长清[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济研究所,天津300071

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2001年第4期90-96,共7页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

摘　　要：中国政府干预经济、管理市场自古有之 ,主要表现在政府对市场的管理及对贸易的参与方面。其中 ,政府对市场的管理主要包括 :建立城镇市集 ,划分销售地区 ;规定贸易时间 ,限制夜市交易 ;推行抑商政策 ,加强商人管理 ;严查商品质量 ,不许伪劣入市 ;调控市场物价 ,严格物价管理 ;利用税收政策 ,调节社会经济 ;统一衡器币制 ,方便货物交易 ;制发契券票帖 ,规范贸易行为 ;缉盗贼防火灾 ,保证财货安全 ;制订交通规则 ,维持市场秩序。政府对贸易的参与主要表现在官营贸易及官吏经商两个方面。通过历史上政府干预经济问题的考察分析可得出结论 ,政府要“适度”干预经济。We have in ancient China the authorities intervened in market affairs, participating in trading and administering of market managing; (2) The state intervened in trade affairs in two ways: government operated and officials operated; (3) The state administering of market managing in many ways: establishing markets in cities and towns, arranging special regions for selling commodities; regulating shopping time and night market limited; instituting policy to restrain commercial activities and the control businessmen strengthened checking the quality of commodities, and the counterfeits banned; regulating market prices, to have them to be controlled; issuing bill, receipt, etc., and contract notarized to standardize business affairs; guarding against thief, preventing fire, facilitating communication, etc.; (4) A theoretical analysis of the state intervention of economic activities: universality, diversity, necessity, and abuses; (5) The measures the government to intervene market affairs should be appropriate.

关 键 词：政府干预 市场 官营贸易 中国 管理 市场贸易 

分 类 号：F129[经济管理—世界经济]