掺杂态聚苯胺的性能研究  

Study on properties of doped polyaniline

作　　者：井新利[1] 赵卫兵[1] 郑茂盛[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学高分子材料系,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《石化技术与应用》2001年第4期225-228,共4页Petrochemical Technology & Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 5 990 30 0 5 )

摘　　要：通过氧化法合成了导电高分子聚苯胺 (PANI) ,研究了氧化剂过硫酸铵 (APS)与苯胺 (ANI)单体的物质的量之比对PANI的结构与性能的影响。用 3种掺杂剂盐酸 (HCl) ,对甲苯磺酸 (TSA)和三氯化铁 (FC)掺杂本征态聚苯胺 (EB) ,并且通过傅立叶红外 (FTIR)和热重分析 (TGA)研究了掺杂态PANI的掺杂程度、导电性及其热稳定性。结果表明 :合成PANI时 ,当n(APS) /n(ANI)在 0 .8～ 1 .0之间 ,聚合物的产率高、电导率适宜。PANI的氧化程度随着氧化剂用量的增加而升高 ,同时导致产物的分子质量下降。掺杂PANI的导电性按照PANI-HCl,PANI-TSA和PANI-FC的顺序依次降低 ,其中PANI-TSA的热稳定性最好。Polyaniline (PANI) was synthesized by oxidative polymerization under different amounts of ammonia persulfate (APS) versus aniline (ANI). The effects of APS/ANI molar ratio on yield and structure of polymer were studied. Three kinds of dopants, such as hydrochloric acid (HCI), p -toluene sulfonic acid (TSA) and ferric chloride (FC) were used to dope PANI emeraldine base. The effect of concentration of dopant solution on doping level,electric conductivity and thermal stability of doped polyaniline was studied by Fourie transform infrared (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). It was shown that when n (APS)/ n (ANI) reached 0.8～1.0, the yield increased and conductivity of PANI reached an appropriate value, the oxidation state of EB increased with the increase of n (APS)/ n (ANI). The sequence of electric conductivity of doped PANI decreased as PANI-HCl, PANI-TSA and PANI-FC.However, PANI-TSA had the highest thermal stability and was more promising for application.

关 键 词：聚苯胺 掺杂 导电性聚合物 热稳定性 氧化法 

分 类 号：TQ324.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业] TQ323.3