环境友好催化技术发展趋势  

Future Trend for Environmentally Friendly catalytic Technology

作　　者：李雪辉[1] 王乐夫[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学化工系,广州510640

出　　处：《化工进展》2001年第6期7-10,共4页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金! (编号 :2 0 0 760 17);广东省自然科学基金!资助项目 (编号 :0 0 0 42 8)

摘　　要：20世纪发展的用以消除排放污染物的环境友好催化剂技术将在本世纪得到广泛重视并将应用于汽车及静态污染源。贫燃发动机的燃油效率高、温室气体排放量低。但贫燃条件下NOx 的还原对催化工作者提出了更大的挑战。催化传感器在监测汽车及静态污染源排放方面将扮演更为重要的角色。在 2 1世纪初期 ,运用被动催化技术 (passivecatalytictechnology)分解大气中的臭氧将得到更多的应用。光催化继续成为人们研究的主要对象之一 ,但其应用市场仍有待开发。在电催化及从碳氢化合物制造氢的燃烧过程研究中 ,对质子交换膜燃料电池的研究将成为一个主要的焦点。同时 ,低能耗、低污染的化学品生产技术仍将是制造商们追寻的目标 。Environmentally Friendly catalytic technologies developed during the 20th century for end of pipe clean up of pollutant emissions will continue for mobile and stationary sources.The catalytic problems associated with the fuel efficient lean burn engine,with lower emissions of greenhouse gases,offer significant challenges,especially for lean NO x reduction with on board fuels.Monitoring pollutants using catalytic sensors will play a key role in controlling emissions from mobile and stationary sources.Decomposing ambient ozone using‘passive’catalytic technologies will find increasing application by the early years of 21st century.Photocatalysis will continue to be the subject of research,but applied only in‘niche'markets.The proton exchange membrane fuel cell will be a major focus for research in electrocatalysis and catalytic fuel processing to make hydrogen from hydrocarbons.This technology holds great promise for stationary and vehicular power generation.The manufacture (‘Green Chemistry’) of chemicals with decreased waste and pollutants will continue to be actively pursued by many chemical manufacturers with increasing successes.The feasibility of catalytic combustion for stationary power generation with ultralow emissions will be decided early in the 21st century.

关 键 词：NOx还原 臭氧分解 绿色化学 光催化 催化燃烧 燃料电池 发展趋势 环境友好催化技术 

分 类 号：TQ032[化学工程] X383[环境科学与工程—环境工程]