工作压力对高血压患病危险的流行病学研究  

Job strain and hypertension risk in Capital Steel and Iron Company in Beijing

作　　者：辛雪[1] 顾东风[1] 高玖鸣[1] 朱燕[2] 汪红[2] 郑润平[2] 田秀芝[1] 刘竹[2] 王楠[2] 吴锡桂[1] 陈绍建[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学阜外心血管病医院心血管病研究所,北京100037 [2]首都钢铁公司总医院 [3]北京大学临床心理系

出　　处：《中华医学杂志》2001年第18期1110-1112,共3页National Medical Journal of China

基　　金：国家"九五"攻关课题基金资助项目 (9690 60 2 0 2 )

摘　　要：目的　验证工作压力模型 低控制高要求与高血压患病率的相关关系。方法　在心血管疾病防治区 首都钢铁公司的两个工厂选取年龄 18～ 6 5岁的职工共 15 5 6人用问卷方式进行心血管疾病危险因素调查。结果　男性的工作压力变量从高控制 低要求变化到中等控制 中等要求 ,再到低控制 高要求时 ,高血压患病率从 6 5 %增加到 2 1 2 % ,年龄调整后的高血压易患相对危险性(OR ,95 %可信区间 )为 3 2 6 (2 30～ 4 41)。经多元Logistic回归分析调整了年龄、受教育程度、吸烟状况、饮酒和体力活动的混杂影响后 ,高血压易患相对危险性 (OR ,95 %可信区间 )仍为 2 31(1 45、3 81)。女性中这种规律不典型。结论　随着工作压力模型从低到高的变化 。Objective To assess the relation between the scales of Job Demand control Model (or 'Job strain') and the prevalence of hypertension. Methods A standardized questionnaire base line survey was conducted among 1 556 male and female employees aged 18～65 in two factories of the Capital Steel and Iron Company, Beijing, in 1997 to investigate the socio demographic factors and job strain so as to identify the major risks of hypertension. Results The prevalence of hypertension increased from 6.5% to 21.2% with an age adjusted relative prevalence ratio (95% CI ) of 3.26 (2.30, 4.41) when the job strain pattern changed from high control and low demand to moderate control and moderate demand and further to low control and high demand among the male employees. After adjustment for confounding effects from age, education, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical activity, the odds ratio (95% CI ) was attenuated to 2 31(1 45,3 81). Such a phenomenon was not typical among females. Conclusion The risk of hypertension was elevated with the increase of job strain in men.

关 键 词：高血压 情绪障碍 工作压力 流行病学 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]