有色金属矿山环境中氡及其子体水平与剂量评价  

Levels of Radon Progeny and Dose Assessment in the Environment of Non-Ferrous Mines

作　　者：王昆山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国有色金属工业总公司劳动保护研究所,长沙410014

出　　处：《辐射防护通讯》2001年第5期19-23,共5页Radiation Protection Bulletin

摘　　要：本文报道了全国 1 6个省市的 85个有色金属矿山井下及地面环境中氡及其子体水平 ,矿井下氡的平均浓度为 ( 2 0 31± 1 2 38) Bqm- 3 ,氡子体为 ( 4 .6 0± 1 .76 )× 1 0 - 6Jm- 3 ,平均值超过放射工作人员限值 ( 8.3× 1 0 - 6Jm- 3 )的矿山占被调查矿山总数的 2 3% ,地面厂房、办公及生活区室内氡为 ( 5 7～ 6 9) Bqm- 3 ,氡子体为 ( 1 5 .4～ 1 8.0 )×1 0 - 8Jm- 3 ,室外氡为 ( 2 4± 8) Bqm- 3 ,氡子体为 ( 8± 1 )× 1 0 - 8Jm- 3。氡子体致矿工的年有效剂量当量为 3.36～ 4 7.81m Sva- 1 ,其年暴露量为 0 .71～ 1 5 .5 7m Jhm- 3 a- 1 ,预计矿工终身平均肺癌发生率为 9.7× 1 0 - 4。The levels of radon and its progeny in the environment of 85 non ferrous metal mines in 16 provinces and municipalities were surveyed, underground and at ground level. Average radon concentration is (2031±1238) Bq m -3 and radon progeny concentration is (4.60±1.76)×10 -6 Jm -3 . About 23% of surveyed mines have averages in excess of radioactivity worker limit of 8.3×10 -6 Jm -3 . For the plants, offices and residential areas, the indoor radon concentration is (57~69) Bqm -3 and radon progeny concentration is (15.4~18.0)×10 -8 Jm -3 ; outdoor radon concentrations is (24±8) Bqm -3 and radon progeny concentration is (8±1)×10 -8 Jm -3 . The annual effective dose to the miners is 3.36～47.81 mSva -1 and exposure is 0.71～15.57 mJhm -3 a -1 . The predicated lifetime lung cancer morbidity is 9.7×10 -4 .

关 键 词：有色金属矿山 氡 氡子体 有效剂量当量 肺癌发生率 环境 辐射剂量 放射水平 评价 放射防护 

分 类 号：R144.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]