碳酸盐岩成岩作用及其对储层控制的定量评价——以和田河气田石炭系生物屑灰岩段为例  

Carbonate Diagenesis and Quantitative Evaluation of Its Control over the Reservoir──Exemplified by Carboniferous Bioclastic Limestone Member in Hetian River Gas Field, Tarim Basin

作　　者：杨威[1] 王清华[2] 赵仁德[2] 王媛[2] 刘效曾[2] 

机构地区：[1]石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院天然气地质所,河北廊坊065007 [2]塔里木石油勘探开发指挥部研究院,新疆库尔勒841003

出　　处：《地球学报》2001年第5期441-446,共6页Acta Geoscientica Sinica

摘　　要：成岩作用对碳酸盐岩储层的影响很大。石炭系生物屑灰岩段是和田河气田的主要产层 ,控制其储层物性的成岩作用主要有胶结作用、压实 压溶作用、白云石化作用、溶蚀 (岩溶 )作用和破裂作用。胶结作用和压实作用是主要的孔隙破坏者 ,它们破坏了几乎所有的原生孔隙和部分次生溶孔 ;压溶作用产生的缝合线大部分已成为油气的运移通道和储集空间 ;白云石化作用发生于准同生期 ,符合渗透回流白云石化机理 ,产生的大量晶间孔占储层总孔隙度的 3 0 %左右 ,且白云石含量与孔隙度呈正相关关系 ;埋藏岩溶作用主要是由硫酸溶蚀作用形成 ,产生的溶蚀孔隙是该储层的主要储集空间 ,占储层总孔隙度的3 7.5 %以上 ;破裂作用产生的构造裂缝是储层渗透率的主要贡献者 ,它为储层提供 99.6%以上的渗透率和 2 %～ 6%的总孔隙度 ,破裂作用是致密碳酸盐岩能够成为油气储层的必要条件。岩溶作用和白云石化作用都发育的区域应是碳酸盐岩的主要勘探目标。The influence of diagenesis on the carbonate rock reservoir is obvious and serious. The Carboniferous bioclastic limestone member is an important gas-producing formation in Hetian River gasfield in Tarim basin. Principal diageneses are cementation, compaction, pressure-solution, dolomitization, solution and fracturing, which control the reservoir properties of the bioclastic limestone member. The cementation and compaction are main pore destroyers, which destroy almost all primary pores and part of secondary solution pores. Sutures can be formed by pressure-solution and serve as reservoir space and channels for hydrocarbon migration. Dolomitization occurs in penecontemporaneous stage that coincides with the seawater seepage-reflux model. 30 percent of total porosities are provided by intercrystal porosities. The porosity has good correlation with dolomite content. The buried solution is formed by sulphuric acid and can form solution pores, which provide more than 37.5 percent of total porosities. The structural fractures make up the principal permeability contributor of the reservoir.

关 键 词：储层物性 碳酸盐岩 和田河气田 塔里木盆地 定量评价 成岩作用 岩溶作用 

分 类 号：P588.245[天文地球—岩石学] P618.130.2[天文地球—地质学]