七大江河流域面雨量计算方法及应用  

Calculating Method of Area Rainfall over Seven River Valleys and Its Application

作　　者：徐晶[1] 林建[1] 姚学祥[1] 毕宝贵[1] 吴昊[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象》2001年第11期13-16,51,共5页Meteorological Monthly

摘　　要：参考我国水文部门和各省气象台的做法 ,比较客观地确定了全国七大江河流域(松花江、辽河、海河、黄河、淮河、长江、珠江 )及其支流域的边界 ,将全国划分为 71个子流域 ,并实现了各支流域内计算机自动选取代表测站。同时研究了各种面雨量计算方法的优缺点 ,最后选定泰森多边形法为面雨量计算的主要方法。 2 0 0 0年 6～ 9月在中央气象台进行了面雨量预报业务试运行 ,每天定时完成将 2 4小时常规雨量资料和加密雨量资料合并作为实况资料 ,并将中央气象台短期降水预报指导产品 2 4、48小时雨量预报场转换成站点降水 ,在此基础上计算各支流域的实况和预报面雨量 。Referring to the methods of hydrological sections and meteorological observatories all over the country,the boundaries of seven great river valleys (including Changjiang River,Yellow River,Songhuajiang River,Liaohe River,Haihe River,Huaihe River and Zhujiang River) and their sub valleys are objectively determined.The whole country is divided into 71 sub valleys and computer automatically selects the representative stations of each sub valley.Having studied the advantages of all kinds of methods calculating area rainfall,Taisen Polygon Method as the main method is chosen to calculate area rainfall.The tryout of area rainfall forecast was made in the Central Meteorological Obervatory (CMO) during the period from June to September 2000.On the basis of timely incorporating 24 hour conventional rainfall data and intensive rainfall data as the real time data every day and converting 24 hour and 48 hour short term rainfall forecast guiding products offered by the CMO into station rainfall,real time and forecast area rainfall of each sub valley are calculated.And at the same time,displaying real time and forecast area rainfall under the MICAPS system is realized.

关 键 词：江河流域 面雨量 泰森多边形法 计算方法 雨量资料 三角形法 

分 类 号：P457.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]