大鼠原生殖细胞的形态学及分化特性  

Morphology and differentiation of primordial germ cells in rats

作　　者：傅文玉[1] 朴英杰[1] 路艳蒙[1] 陈英[1] 乔东访[1] 安连兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]第一军医大学中心实验室,广东广州510515

出　　处：《第一军医大学学报》2001年第9期641-643,F004,共4页Journal of First Military Medical University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973)(G1999054308);国家自然科学基金(30070368);广州市科委科技攻关项目(2000-Z- 017-01-05)

摘　　要：目的研究大鼠胚胎原生殖细胞(Primordial germ cells,PGCs)的形态及其分化特性.方法取受精后10.5d的大鼠胚胎作HE染色,取受精后11.0～12.5 d的大鼠胚胎生殖嵴进行PGCs原代培养,光、电镜观察PGCs及其分化细胞的微细结构,碱性磷酸酶(ALP)染色检测细胞的分化程度.结果大鼠PGCs位于卵黄囊内胚层深部的间充质内,体积大,呈椭圆形或不规则形;核大,染色质细密,含l～2个核仁.体外培养可见PGCs大而圆,散在分布,或聚集成团,胞质中含有椭圆形的线粒体和丰富的核糖体,ALP反应呈阳性;培养4～5 d,PGCs形态不规则,有伪足,ALP反应减弱,进一步分化可形成神经元样细胞、表皮细胞、心肌细胞、分泌细胞以及类似血管、心脏的管腔样结构等.由PGCs分化来的细胞ALP反应均呈阴性.结论大鼠生殖嵴来源的PGCs是一种具有发育全能的、可分化形成3个胚层衍生物的胚胎多能于细胞. Objective To study the morphological characteristics and differentiation behavior of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in rats. Methods The rat embryos 10.5 days postcoitum (dpc) were sectioned for hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and the gonadal ridges of rat embryos 11 to 12.5 dpc disaggregated and cultured primarily. The morphology of undifferentiated and differentiated PGCs was observed using light and electron microscopy and the differentiation of PGCs was examined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) reaction. Results In vivo PGCs were large with ovoid or irregular shape, located in mesemchyma under the endoderm of yolk sac. They had large nucli with dense chromatin and one or two nucleoli. Undifferentiated PGCs containing spherical mitochondria with abundant ribosome in in vitro culture, either scattered or aggregated, appeared large and round and showed high level of ALP activity. Cultured for 4 to 5 d, PGCs were differentiated and the ALP activity decreased. PGCs were round or elongate in shape with pseudopodia and further differentiated into neuron-like cells, epidermic cells, cardio myocytes, secretory cells, tubular and cavitary structures similar to the heart and vessel, and so on. These differentiated cells were ALP-negative. Conclusion Rat PGCs have pluripotentiality to differentiate into the derivatives of the three embryonic germ layers.

关 键 词：原生殖细胞 碱性磷酸酶 细胞分化 细胞学 大鼠 PGCS 

分 类 号：R321[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]