中国特色的城市化问题  

ISSUES OF URBANIZATION WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS

作　　者：姚士谋[1] William Chang 朱振国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]美国国务院科学基金会东亚事务研究室

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2001年第5期401-406,共6页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：中美国家基金合作项目

摘　　要：针对当前社会经济发展中 ,建设有中国特色的城市化问题 ,展开全方位、多视角的分析阐述。指出并纠正了认识上对城市化问题的种种误区。提出中国的城市化发展应该与国情国力、工业化发展形势相协调 ,过程应有序、健康。并认为 :(1)在相当大一段时期内 ,中国城市化水平以界定在5 0 %或 5 5 %为宜 ,而不应该盲目追求西方国家不同国情的高指标、高比例 ;(2 )对城市今后的发展规模应有一个合理限度 ,考虑人口、用地、环境的合理容量 ;(3)小城镇的发展要合理引导、分期分批、有重点地稳步发展 ;(4)乡村城镇化必须发展生态农业与生态工业 ,走集约化、专业化的道路。正确引导中国的城市化进程 ,把城市发展和农村、工业和农业、人口流动、产业政策、区域平衡、科技进步。This article analyzes and elaborates the hot issues of urbanization with Chinese characteristics under current social and economic development from various viewpoints, and points out and rectifies a variety of misunderstandings about the essence to the road of Chinese urbanization. The urbanization development of China should coordinate with the national conditions and the developmental situation of industrialization.The process should be in order and healthy,and holds that,1)in a long time period,Chinese urbanization should be properly determined in the range of 50～55 percent,blindly targeting the high indicator and level of urbanization which is the reality of western countries is unacceptable.2)a rational capacity in size should be set to regulate the urban development,additionally the rational capacity of land use and environment should be considered as well.3)the development of town should be rationally guided,and puts it in the steady track,concentrative constructing in batches and by stages.4)ecological agriculture and ecological industry should be developed in the process of rural urbanization,on the way of specialization and intensive operation orientated.All related aspects,such as city and country industry and agriculture,population flow,industry policy,regional balance,technology advance and export orientated economy,should be considered integratively and form a general strategy.

关 键 词：城市化 中国特色 城镇空间 剩余劳动力 可持续发展 乡镇城镇化 

分 类 号：F299.2[经济管理—国民经济] C912.81[社会学]