无土栽培系统长瓜疫病病原菌的鉴定  

Identification of the causal organism of calabash gourd blight in soilless culture system

作　　者：王汉荣[1] 茹水江[1] 贝亚维[1] 陈笑芸[1] 顾秀慧[1] 高春先[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2001年第5期281-286,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家重大科技产业项目工厂化高效农业示范工程 (96 0 12 0 40 4);浙江省"九五"重点课题项目 (97110 2 0 18)

摘　　要：于 1995— 2 0 0 0年在浙江省的无土栽培系统发病的长瓜上 ,分离到 92个疫病菌分离物 ,取典型的 4个分离物作为供试菌株 ,观察无土栽培系统长瓜疫病的症状 ,及供试菌株的病原菌孢子囊、有性器官及其菌落形态等特征 ,测定不同温度下的生长特性和寄主范围。结果表明 ,孢囊梗为不规则分枝 ,孢子囊顶生 ,近球形、椭圆形、长椭圆形、卵形、肾形或不规则形 ,有明显的乳突 ,有的孢子囊则不止一个乳突 ,孢子囊成熟后易脱落 ,并带有长的孢囊柄 ,在水中极易释放出游动孢子 ,游动孢子肾形。异宗配合 ,藏卵器球形 ,直径为 2 0 .1～ 31.0 μm ,壁薄而平滑 ,柄多为棍棒形 ;雄器围生 ,球形或扁球形或圆筒形 ,卵孢子球形 ,黄褐色 ,壁厚而平滑 ,满器或不满器 ,直径为 15～ 2 8μm。该菌最适生长温度为 2 5～ 30℃ ,最高生长温度大于 35℃。因此 ,将浙江无土栽培系统长瓜疫病病原菌鉴定为PhytophthoracapsiciLeonian。Ninety two isolates of Phytophthora were isolated from stems of diseased calabash gourd in soilless culture system in Zhejiang during 1995-2000.Comparative studies were made on morphological,cultural,physiological characters,pathogenicity and host range of typical four of them.Sporangia varies in size, length/breadth ratio 1 38-2.28,usually with single papilla, long sporangiophore,with no chlamydospores produced. Heterothallic, oogonia sphericalis,smooth, 20.1-31.0 μm in diameter;Oospores spherical is yellowish to golden,15-28 μm in diameter.The optimal temperature for growth is 25.0-30.0℃,with high limitation >35℃.This fungus has a rather wide host range including 13 species.By comparing with the properties of various Phytophthora species,all the four isolates could be tentatively indentified as Phytophthora capsici Leonian.

关 键 词：无土栽培 长瓜疫病 病原菌 鉴定 

分 类 号：S436.429[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]