水稻压致变异和高压对水稻生长发育的影响  

PRESSURE INDUCED RICE MUTATION AND EFFECTS OF HIGH HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF RICE

作　　者：徐世平[1] 廖耀平[2] 翁克难[1] 肖万生[1] 陈钊明[2] 律广才[1] 何秀英[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广东广州510640 [2]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《高压物理学报》2001年第4期241-248,共8页Chinese Journal of High Pressure Physics

基　　金：中国科学院应用与发展重点项目 (KY95 JI 32 4 ) ;广东省自然科学基金 (990 981) ;国家自然科学基金 (30 0 70 4 2 6 )

摘　　要：将高收获指数型优质籼稻 (OryzasativaL .)品种“粤香占”种子在不同条件下进行了三个生长周期的高压种子处理和实验室种植试验。稻种经高压处理后 ,与对照样品相比 ,当代种子发芽和秧苗成长较慢且植株个体差异较大 ;后期生长较快 ,分蘖数及产量与对照样持平或有所增加。受压样品产生了四种新的植株变异 ,其中两种为不育植株 ,另外两种变异植株种植至F2及F3代 ,变异性状都能稳定遗传。表明高压不仅可以对水稻当代植株生理产生明显的影响 ,而且可以诱导水稻产生明显和稳定的可遗传变异。The grains of Yuexiangzhan, a new rice variety (Oryza sativa L) with a high harvest index of 0.619, had been treated with high hydrostatic pressure and laboratory cultivated for three growth periods. Compared with the controls, germinating ability of high-pressure treated seeds and growth rates of the seedlings were lower. Significant difference was observed in between individuals of high-pressure treated samples. At the later stage of growth, laboratory raise showed that the high-pressure treated samples had a higher tillering capacity and a higher growth rate than the controls. The yields were stable and increased to some extent according to the treatments. Four new mutants with genetic characteristics stable for three generations had resulted from the high-pressure treatments. This suggested that high hydrostatic pressure might induce apparent rice mutation as well as exert significant effects on the physiological processes of rice.

关 键 词：高压 水稻 生长发育 变异 种子处理 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]