中国氮氧化物排放清单及分布特征  

Inventories and distribution characteristics of NO_X emissions in China

作　　者：田贺忠[1] 郝吉明[1] 陆永琪[1] 朱天乐[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2001年第6期493-497,共5页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家环境保护总局科技发展基金项目(98-1-01)

摘　　要：根据能源消费历史状况和氮氧化物(NOX)排放因子,估算了近20年来中国NOX的排放变化,并讨论了1995~1998年分省区、分行业、分燃料的NOX排放清单及特征.中国NOX排放总量已由1980年的4.76Mt快速增加到1996年的12.0Mt,之后,NOX排放持续增加的趋势得到遏制,1998年NOX排放总量与1996年峰值相比下降了约0.82Mt.NOX排放在燃料、行业及地域分布上均不平衡的特征没有根本改变：燃煤排放NOX一直占总量的70%以上;绝大部分NOX来自工业、电力和交通部门,约占90%左右,且交通部门NOX排放比例逐年上升,已由1995年的10.4%快速增长到1998年的约13.0%;中东部的河北、辽宁、江苏、山东、河南、广东等省区NOX排放量较大,均超过0.5Mt,而宁夏、青海和海南等边远省区NOX排放量很低,小于0.1Mt.NOx emissions change in China for nearly so years past was estimated on the basis of historical energy consumption state and NOx emission factors. Moreover, NOx emission inventories and characteristics in different provinces, economic sectors and fuel types from 1995 to 1998 were discussed in detail. Total NOx emissions had increased rapidly from 4.76Mt in 1980 to 12.0Mt in 1996. Since then, NOx emissions began to decrease somewhat, and compared with the peak value in 1996, the total emissions in 1998 had decreased about 0.82Mt. Constant imbalance distribution existed all over: more than 70 percent of the total NOx came from coal combustion, more than about 90 percent of the total came from industry, electric power and transportation sectors, and the share of transportation raised steadily with 10.4% in 1995 increased rapidly to 13.0% in 1998; NOx emissions in Hebei, Liaoning, Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and Guangdong exceeded 0.5Mt, while those in Ningxia, Qinghai and Hainan were lower than 0.1Mt.

关 键 词：氮氧化物 排放清单 能源消费 中国 分布特征 

分 类 号：X327[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X51