煤岩自然释放氢气与瓦斯突出关系初探  

Correlation of outburst events of coal-and-gas with natural hydrogen gas from coal

作　　者：梁汉东[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]煤炭资源教育部重点实验室 [2]中国矿业大学北京校区,北京100083

出　　处：《煤炭学报》2001年第6期637-642,共6页Journal of China Coal Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 4 0 0 72 0 5 5 )

摘　　要：从某采区井下煤岩钻屑的自然释放气体中检测出氢气 (H2 ) .其中 ,在高瓦斯矿井的平均浓度为 33 6× 10 - 6;在低瓦斯矿井的平均浓度为 16× 10 - 6.对某突出灾害现场的煤样研究发现 ,突出点附近的煤屑自然释放气体中的氢气浓度高达 5 8× 10 - 6;突出点的煤屑则降到 10 - 5以下 .结果显示 ,煤岩自然释放氢气的现象具有一定的普遍性 .结果还暗示 ,易突出煤岩释放氢气的浓度可能较高 ;并且 ,突出过程中煤岩释放氢气的潜力可能发生重要变化 .在理论上 ,这里的观测结果支持了作者早先提出的关于煤与瓦斯突出的“氢地球化学异化”机理 .在应用上 ,本文指出氢气可望作为现场监测和预报煤与瓦斯突出的新指标 .在工程上 ,提出了运用微型专用质谱或专用气相色谱在井下现场单机同时监测氢气 (H2 )、氦气 (He)和甲烷 (CH4 )An observation is demonstrated in this article that hydrogen gas (H 2) is released with heating from all the tested coals without exception For one underground mining location, the average content of H 2 reaches to 33 6×10 -6 for the coals with high gas (CH 4) emitting while it does to 16 0 ×10 -6 for those with relatively low gas emitting The first result suggests that coal does naturally emit hydrogen gas In other word, hydrogen gas (H 2), like methane (CH 4), is one of natural products of coal in geological condition For other underground mining location where an outburst event of coal and gas happened just before collecting the samples used in this study, the lowest content of H 2 (<10 -5 ) is released from the coal sample that was collected in the outburst spot with porous and dark appearance, while much higher content of H 2 (58×10 -6 ) does from other sample that was collected at the place next to the spot with bright and undamaged appearance, although reversibly the content of methane gas released is much higher for the former than that for the later. The second result implies that an unusual higher content of H 2 emitted from coal, as well as its sharp decrease might be one of most significant precursor of outburst event of coal and gas Both results provide valuable evidences supporting a mechanism of HGD, i e Hydrogen Geochemistry Dissimilation, postulated by the author in 1997, to see refs 9 The mechanism related that hydrogen free radicals or hydrogen atoms ( n H) could be naturally derived by cleavage of carbon hydrogen bonds (CH) in textures of coal in geologically thermal condition and could be chemically essential genesis of outburst of coal and gas, and their by products should be hydrogen gas (H 2) that could be easily detectable On the basis of the HGD mechanism and the results obtained in this study, the author suggests that miniaturized mass spectrometers (MS) or economical types of gas phase chromatographs (GC)

关 键 词：氢气 瓦斯突出 化学机理 现场检测方法 氢地球化学异化 煤层 煤突出 

分 类 号：TD713[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]