气相色谱-质谱法分析不同产地小茴香药材挥发油成分  

Study on Chemical Components of Essential Oil in Fructus Foeniculi from Ten Different Areas by GC - MS

作　　者：吴玫涵[1] 聂凌云[1] 刘云[1] 张雷 魏立平 

机构地区：[1]总后卫生部药品仪器检验所,北京100071

出　　处：《药物分析杂志》2001年第6期415-418,共4页Chinese Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis

摘　　要：目的:用气相色谱-质谱法对10种不同产地的小茴香挥发油进行化学成分的分析。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法从小茴香中提取挥发油。毛细管柱进行分析,归一化法测定其百分含量,并用气相色谱-质谱法对化学成分进行鉴定。色谱条件:HP-5石英毛细管柱 （30m×0.25m,0.25μm）,柱温:50℃（10min）2℃·min-1→150℃（1min）5℃·min→200℃（5min）;分流进样,分流比 30:1;进样温度250℃。质谱条件:电离方式EI,电子能量70eV,接口温度280℃,离子源温度200℃,四极杆温度100℃,质量扫描范围 35～500AMU,溶剂延迟3.0min。结果:对比各药材的总离子流图,进行了组分差异分析。不同产地小茴香的总离子流图有较大共同点,但亦存在下同之处,各组分的相对百分含量不尽相同。共鉴定出20种化合物,占挥发油总组分的94％以上。其中反式茴香脑（trans-anethole）的相对含量为65％～78％,建议可做为定量指标。结论:本方法稳定可靠,重现性好,适用于中药挥发油的化学成分分析。Objective: The chemical components of the essential oil in the Fructus Foeniculi from 10 areas were analyzedby GC - MS. Method: The essential oil was extracted from Fructus Foeniculi by steam distillation, the componenls were analyzed with different kinds of capillary columns, the optimum separation and analytical conditions were studied, the amount of the components from the essential oil were determinated by normalization method. The components separated were identified by GC-MS. Chromatographic conditions were: Capillary column HP-5 (30m×0.25 mm, 0.25Um) ; column temperature 50℃ (10 min) 2℃ ·min →50℃(1 min) 5℃·min→200℃(5 min); split injection,split ratio 30: 1; injector temperature 250℃ . Mass spectrometer conditions were: ionization mode: El, electron energy 70 eV , interface temperature: 280C , ion source temperature: 200℃ , quadropole temperature 100℃ , mass scan range: 35-500 AMU, solvent delay 3.0 min. Results: Twenty components constituting above 94% of the total essential oil were separated and identified. The relative content of trans - anethole was 65%-78% , it might be used for quantifying purpose. Their total ion chromatograms (TIC) are similar, but there is a little difference in the TIC and the relative percentage contents. Their similar components may be used in identification of Fructus Foeniculi. Conclusion: The method is reliable, stable and reproducible, this method can be applied to the analysis of the essential oil components extracted from Chinese traditional medicine.

关 键 词：小茴香 挥发油 气相色谱/质谱法 化学成分 中药材 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学] R282.71[医药卫生—中医学]