国家土壤信息系统的结构、内容与应用  

Structure, Contents and Possible Applications of China National Soil Information System

作　　者：张甘霖[1] 龚子同[1] 骆国保[1] 张学雷[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《地理科学》2001年第5期401-406,共6页Scientia Geographica Sinica

基　　金：UNDP(CPR 96 10 5 )援助;国家自然科学基金 ( 4 98310 0 4)资助项目

摘　　要：土壤信息系统建立是当今土壤科学发展阶段的必然要求 ,全球和有关国家的土壤信息系统在资源评价和模拟等多方面发挥着重要作用。目前在土壤研究不断积累和SOTER研究全面展开的基础上建设我国国家土壤信息系统的工作已经开展。在分析全球和其他国家土壤数据库的基础上 ,介绍了建设中的我国土壤信息系统的功能和任务设计、基本组成和数据库结构、内容以及研究基础 ,并举例说明了土壤信息系统在环境模拟中的应用。Soil Information System (SIS) is a computerized tool, which is built to collect, store, manage and analyse soil and soil-related environmental information. The establishment of SIS is the consequence of the development of soil science, for it is absolutely necessary for the evaluation of soil resource and natural resources as well as the modelling of ecological processes. This paper analyses the national and international progress in the research and establishment of soil information system, the features of the spatial databases and the attribute databases of the global and several national soil information systems. Most of the national and international soil information systems contain spatial and attribute databases, while NASIS (National Soil Information System, USA) contains, up to now, only attribute data. Attribute databases are mostly relational but NASIS does use UNIX-based INFOMIX system. The features of the design, functionality, structure, contents and possible applications of the being-built China national soil information system are explained. The functionality of national soils information system includes management, assessment and analysis of soil information. It can provide soil information for soil classification, sol science education, soil resource monitoring, soil process and change prediction as well as agricultural and environmental policy-making. China national soil information system comprises three main components, namely the spatial database, the attribute database and the application models. The main data source comes from the Second National Soil Survey Programme as well as from the study of Chinese Soil Taxonomy. The spatial database consists of a series of soil maps and the related thematic maps in the scale of 1∶4,000,000 and 1∶1,000,000 for national level, 1∶500,000 for provincial level and 1∶50,000 for county level. For national and provincial levels, all existing maps will be collected and input into the system, while only a part of county maps can be collected and buil

关 键 词：国家土壤信息系统 地理信息系统 土壤-地球数字化数据库 土地评价 GIS 

分 类 号：S15[农业科学—土壤学] P208[农业科学—农业基础科学]