抛秧水稻生长发育与产量形成的生态生理机制 Ⅲ.秧苗地面水平向上的分布格局及其生态生理效应  

Ecophysiological Mechanism of Growth, Development and Yield Formation of Broadca sted Rice Seedlings Ⅲ. The Characteristics of the Spatial Distribution of Plant on Level and It s Ecophysiological Effects

作　　者：戴其根[1] 许轲[1] 张洪程[1] 苏宝林[2] 霍中洋[1] 周家麟 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学农学院,江苏扬州225009 [2]中国农业大学,北京100094 [3]江苏太湖地区农业科学研究所,江苏苏州215155

出　　处：《作物学报》2001年第6期802-810,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (30 0 70 436 );江苏省"九五"应用攻关项目 (BE96 318- 2 )资助

摘　　要：抛秧稻无株行距规格 ,因而秧苗在田间水平向上的分布明显有别于手插稻 ,这是两种稻作方式原初的、根本性的分异点之一。研究表明 ,抛秧稻秧苗水平向上的分布总体虽呈均匀随机型 ,但按Dirichlet棋盘形嵌图方法得到的具体各穴所占的凸多边形形状、面积各异 ,整体与局部呈分形特征 ,这种分布格局直接影响植株的空间分布 ,强化了个、群体的不整齐性 ,加上垂直方向上产生的植株生育效应 ,使冠层错落 ,冠层小气候温、光、湿、风等有所改善。在水平分布上的随机性 ,局部产生了大小不等无苗空档 ,空档周围的植株生长有一定的调节补偿作用 ,只要空档见方面积小于 10 0 0 cm2对群体产量不会产生影响。Spatial distribution of plant positions on the level is one of primordial founda tional characteristics in the broadcasted rice seedlings. It is characterised by quasi even random on level. It determines mainly the spatial distribution of p lant. Additional effect of growing by the perpendicular, canopy height relative uneven. The main elements of canopy micro climate included light, temperature, h umidity and wind are improved. In addition to, the distribution resulted in vari ous blanks in field, but the plant around blank can grow regulatively and compe nsatively. The 1000 cm 2 of blank area (square) eliminated was satisfied wi th need of high yield cultivation.

关 键 词：抛秧稻 水平分布 分形 生态生理 补偿作用 水稻 生育发育 产量 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]