高温调控对黄瓜霜霉病菌侵染的影响  

The effect of high temperature regulation on the infection of Pseudoperonospora cubensis

作　　者：李宝聚[1] 彭仁[1] 彭霞薇[1] 王福建[1] 石延霞[1] 赵哀梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《生态学报》2001年第11期1796-1801,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (3 9870 4 5 4 );北京市自然科学重点基金 (60 0 1 0 0 2 )资助项目

摘　　要：采取温湿度相结合的方法来研究高温处理对黄瓜霜霉病菌 (Pseudoperonospora cubensis Rostov)侵染的影响 ,比较研究了 3 5～ 5 0℃ 4个温度梯度、5 0 %～ 90 % 5个湿度梯度组合处理对病菌致病性的影响。同一相对湿度条件下 ,随着温度的上升病菌致病性降低 ;4 0～ 5 0℃的高温范围内 ,在同一温度下随着湿度的不断升高 ,受处理病菌的致病能力逐渐下降。在 RH80 %以上、温度 4 0℃以上时 ,病菌的致病力随着处理时间的延长而变弱 ;4 5℃以上的高温高湿处理病菌超过 1h,病菌基本上没有致病性。通过高温控制苗期黄瓜霜霉病的研究 ,确定高温高湿防治苗期黄瓜霜霉病的最佳温湿度为 4 5℃ 1 h(RH80 % )。通过高温致死菌诱导植株抗性的研究 。Environmental condition is a key factor affecting the outbreak of cucumber downy mildew. To develop effective bionomic control strategies, it is important to decipher the essential condition and restrictive factors influencing the occurrence of this disease. “High\|temperature sealing greenhouse” , which was used to control cucumber downy mildews, is a representative of the ecological control technique of vegetable disease. This method has been developed for over 20 years, but it was limited because the detailed studies on the correlated environmental factors has been not yet carried out. This study were to understand the effects of high temperature regulation on the infection of Pseudoperonospora cubensis by using the method of combination of temperature and humidity, and find the optimum temperature and humidity to control the cucumber downy mildew. Thus this information will probably provide new theoretical foundation for ecological control.\; Diseased leaves of cucumber downy mildew with mould produced by placing in moist chamber were incubated in a growth chamber set to 50, 45, 40, 35℃and relative humidity (RH) 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90 %, respectively, for 2 hours. Plants were inoculated by placing droplets of sporangial suspension on the surfaces of cotyledon. The disease index was investigated 4 days after inoculation. The results indicated that at the same humidity, the pathogenicity of the pathogen was decreased with the temperature increasing when Pseudoperonospora cubensis was treated in a growth chamber at high temperature from 35 to 50℃ and RH from 50% to 90 % for 2 hours. At the same temperature, the pathogenicity was significantly reduced with the humidity increasing when the temperature ranged 40 to 50℃, which showed the above 40℃ high temperature and high humidity apparently has significant lethal action to Pseudoperonospora cubensis . Whereas the pathogenicity of the pathogen was not obviously reduced when treatment temperature was below 40℃.\; And Pseudoperonospora c

关 键 词：黄瓜霜霉病 高温 湿度 诱导抗性 病菌侵染 

分 类 号：S436.421.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]