华北地区昆虫秋季迁飞的雷达观测  

Radar observation of autumn migration of insects in Northern China

作　　者：吴孔明[1] 程登发[1] 徐广[1] 翟保平[2] 郭予元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094 [2]南京农业大学植物保护系,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学报》2001年第11期1833-1838,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 (G2 0 0 0 0 1 62 0 8)

摘　　要：1 999年 9～ 1 0月利用昆虫雷达对华北地区昆虫秋季回迁的观测表明 ,秋季迁飞主要发生于 1 9:0 0～ 0 5 :0 0时 ,飞行高度一般在 3 0 0～ 2 0 0 0 m。迁飞方向与风向一致 ,多为从东北向西南方向迁飞。运行速度和飞行高度成正相关 ,迁飞个体的平均运行速度由 3 92 m高度的 4 .8m/s增加到 2 0 0 0 m处的 2 7.8m/s。空中灯光诱捕表明 。Flight and migration are important activities in the life cycles of many insect pests.Most insects can move several kilometers in one night even without wind assistance.If the insects climb to altitudes above the planetary boundary layer to gain wind assistance,they can indeed travel long distances during one or more nights.The capability of some insects to take long distance migration makes them potentially access to their favorable habitats for feeding and breeding,which become a major factor that insect pests bring the disastrous damage to the crop production.Over the last three decades,insect radar,as an important insect\|detecting device,has been widely used in migration research in several countries,particularly in Britain,Australia and America,and has made many important contributions to the understanding of insect migration.In China,radar observations of insect migration were conducted from 1985 to 1990 in Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences and NRI (co\|operation with Nanjing Agricultural University) in northeastern and southeastern China,respectively,and provided much valuable information on the migration flights of the oriental armyworm ( Mythimna separata ) and planthoppers ( Nilaparvata lugens ).In order to promote development of radar entomology in China,a scanning insect radar was established in Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) in 1999 Here reported was a preliminary observation result on autumn migration of insects in northern China.\;The CAAS entomological radar is equipped with a marine radar(RA722UA) manufactured in Japan by Anritsu Corporation and an antenna system of Chinese meteorological radar,with a microcomputer,image\|processing LSI,and a custom\|LSI for processing and storing the echo signal,displaying the radar image with high brightness,and for providing various high\|level functions.It possesses a peak power of 10 kW and an operating frequency of 9\^4GHz(X band,3\^2cm wavelength).The radar antenna consists of a double feed,1\^5m di

关 键 词：昆虫迁飞 雷达观测 华北地区 秋季 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]