教育方式对婴儿早期智力发育的影响  

Influences of rearing style on the intellectual development of infants

作　　者：崔红[1] 侯金珍[1] 马国英[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院儿科,北京100050

出　　处：《卫生研究》2001年第6期362-364,共3页Journal of Hygiene Research

摘　　要：为探讨影响婴儿早期智力发育不平衡的因素和寻找更好的教养方式 ,根据“婴幼儿发育检查手册”(即Gesell量表 )对 6 8例 3月龄健康婴儿进行测量 ,并对其家长用问卷进行调查 ,取得相关资料。结果显示 :3月龄婴儿 5个能区的发育不平衡。根据单因素分析和用Logistic回归进行多因素分析 :较多的户外活动、以父亲为主看护、父亲较高的文化水平有利于适应行为的发展 ;给孩子较多的运动机会和联合型家庭对小儿大运动能力的形成非常重要 ;给小儿戴手套将阻碍小儿大运动和精细动作的发展 ;联合型家庭中生活的小儿 ,语言方面发展较好 ;运动机会较多对小儿个人The factors causing the imbalance on intellectual development of infants in the early period after birth were studied and some better styles of rearing infants were found. The developmental quotient in 68 infants of 3-months-old was tested with Gesell Developmental Schedules and the style for rearing infants was obtained by inquiring their parents. The results showed that: (1)the development of adaptive behavior, language and personal-social behavior was better than that of gross motor and fine motor;(2)giving infants opportunity to move could make the development of adaptive behavior, gross motor and fine motor better. The development of fine motor could be hampered if a pair of mitten was put on hands to avoid scratching infant own face. Out doors activities were more important on the development of adaptive behavior, gross motor, fine motor and personal-social behavior; (3)in addition to the mother, with the cooperation of grandparents or father to look after infants was better. The higher education level of parents always associated with a better mental development of infants; (4)the complex structure with more people in a family make the development of language better. It is suggested that if parents have more knowledge on caring infants, give infants more opportunity to move and communicate with other people, it would be beneficial to the development of infants.

关 键 词：智力发育 婴儿 教育方式 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G61[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]